Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product, include receiving a plurality of requests for dynamic context information from a plurality of road segments, determining whether the plurality of road segments are included in a same cluster of road segments in a road network generated by clustering road segments in the road network based on connectivity of the road network; and consolidating the plurality of requests to generate a consolidated request in response to determining that the plurality of road segments are included in the same cluster.

Abstract: A method for object defect detection includes receiving digital data representing an image of an object with a repeated pattern. The method identifies a part of the image of the object as defined by a sample window of the digital data. The method generates one or more functions from at least the part of the image, wherein each of the one or more functions corresponds to one component of a pixel contained in the part of the image. Responsive to performing self-similarity analytics on the one or more functions, the method identifies a defect area of the object.

Abstract: A method of generating a predictor to classify data includes: training each of a plurality of first classifiers arranged in a first level on current training data; operating each classifier of the first level on the training data to generate a plurality of predictions; combining the current training data with the predictions to generated new training data; and training each of a plurality of second classifiers arranged in a second level on the new training data. The first classifiers are classifiers of different classifier types, respectively and the second classifiers are classifiers of the different classifier types, respectively.

Abstract: A system, a computer readable storage medium, and a method for detecting insurance fraud or for comparing references use visual analytics-based techniques. The method can include identifying a scratch and a scratch location on a vehicle in a 3-dimensional rendering in comparison to a base image or in comparison to a stored image in a database, comparing one or more features of the scratch such as color features of the scratch in the scratch location in comparison to the scratch location or comparing one or more texture features of the scratch in the scratch location in comparison to the scratch location in the base image or the stored image. The method can further generate a similarity calculation based on the one or more comparisons for the scratch, the scratch location, the one or more scratch features of the scratch and presents a result in response to the similarity calculation.

Abstract: A device has a substrate transparent to ultraviolet (UV) light, and at least one metalens formed of a material having large permittivity of UV light on the substrate. A device has a UV reflector, a UV transparent film on the reflector, and at least one metalens formed of a material having large permittivity of UV light on the film.

Abstract: Disclosed are phototransistors, and more specifically a detector that includes two or more phototransistors, conductively isolated from each other. Embodiments also relate to methods of making the detector.

Abstract: Disclosed are phototransistors, and more specifically a detector that includes two or more phototransistors, conductively isolated from each other. Embodiments also relate to methods of making the detector.

Abstract: A preparing method of an aliphatic polycarbonate is provided to synthesize oligomer monomers by a transesterification reaction of carbonic acid dialkyl esters and aliphatic diols with accelerants in an atmosphere of a protective gas, and generate an aliphatic polycarbonate polymer by a polycondensation reaction of the oligomer monomers in a condition of high temperature and low pressure. According to the disclosure, environmentally friendly compounds with low boiling points and low costs are utilized as the accelerants to substitute the enzyme or acid-base catalysts to prepare aliphatic polycarbonate polymers in the prior art, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, in the process of generating the aliphatic polycarbonate polymers, the accelerants can be removed from the reaction system along with the pressure reduced in the reaction system. The synthesis system is simple; moreover, the aliphatic polycarbonate obtained by the preparing method provided by the disclosure has merits such as superior colors.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for determining and plotting delivery routes in a computing device. A set of solutions to the traveling salesman problem may be determined by applying a convex hull to determine a set of initial solutions. Computational complexity may be reduced by decreasing the dimensions of the initial solutions. The set of initial solutions may be further optimized by applying genetic optimization to determine the most efficient solutions.

Abstract: Provided are spectrometers utilizing surface plasmons and surface plasmon resonance. The spectrometer includes a substrate including a region having a permittivity slope (varying permittivity), a dielectric spacer configured to correspond to the region having a permittivity slope, and a detector configured to face the region having a permittivity slope with the dielectric spacer therebetween. The region having a permittivity slope includes a region having a dopant concentration slope (varying concentration).

Abstract: Systems and methods training a model are disclosed. In the method, training data is obtained by a deep neural network (DNN) first, the deep neural network comprising at least one hidden layer. Then features of the training data are obtained from a specified hidden layer of the at least one hidden layer, the specified hidden layer being connected respectively to a supervised classification network for classification tasks and an autoencoder based reconstruction network for reconstruction tasks.

Abstract: An interconnection unit includes a first connector configured to be coupled to an electronic device. There is a second connector configured to be coupled to a power station and to provide a path to the electronic device via the first connector. There is a low pass filter coupled between the first connector and the second connector and configured to allow the electronic device to receive power from the power station while maintaining data security of the electronic device.

Abstract: A file system and a file storage method operate in relation to a large-capacity optical disc library. The method includes receiving a file access request initiated by an application or a user and finding a file directory tree according to a file identifier and determining that a file corresponding to the file identifier is stored in a temporary storage or an optical disc library. If the file is stored in the temporary storage, the corresponding file in the temporary storage is opened according to a virtual address recorded in the file directory tree to complete corresponding access operation. If the file is not found in the file directory tree, the file is created in the temporary storage. The file system and the file storage method can implement the full automation of optical disc recording and reading and provide users with a general file access interface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may be directed toward a method, a system, and a computer program product of adaptive calibration of sensors through cognitive learning. In an exemplary embodiment, the method, the system, and the computer program product include (1) in response to receiving a data from at least one calibration sensor and data from an itinerant sensor, comparing the data from the at least one calibration sensor and the data from the itinerant sensor, (2) in response to the comparing, determining, by one or more processors, the accuracy of the itinerant sensor, (3) generating, by the one or more processors, one or more calibration parameters based on the determining and based on a machine learning associated with preexisting sensor information, and (4) executing, by the one or more processors, the one or more calibration parameters.

Abstract: A method for object defect detection includes receiving digital data representing an image of an object with a repeated pattern. The method identifies a part of the image of the object as defined by a sample window of the digital data. The method generates one or more functions from at least the part of the image, wherein each of the one or more functions corresponds to one component of a pixel contained in the part of the image. Responsive to performing self-similarity analytics on the one or more functions, the method identifies a defect area of the object.

Abstract: A method to train a machine learning model for in-vehicle air quality control in a knowledge-based system, executed by one or more computer processors, includes collecting data related to in-vehicle air quality from a plurality of probe cars where the data is collected by various on-board systems in each probe car. The method includes correlating the data related to in-vehicle air quality from each probe car with air quality measurements from each probe car, where the correlation is used to update the machine learning model. The method includes determining a situation when an in-vehicle air quality measurement of the air quality measurements is above a pre-determined in-vehicle air quality level and determining instructions for actions by one or more of the one or more on-board systems in each of the probe cars to maintain an in-vehicle air quality level at or below the pre-determined in-vehicle air quality level.

Abstract: Provided is an optical modulator having high resolution and being capable of controlling a wavelength range of reflected/transmitted light. The optical modulator may include a plurality of nanostructures capable of changing refractive index and a first insulation layer surrounding the plurality of nanostructures. The refractive index of each of the nanostructures may be greater than that of the first insulation layer. The nanostructures may modulate light depending on a change in the refractive index thereof. A change in a resonance wavelength, intensity, phase, polarization, etc. of reflected/transmitted light may be generated.

Abstract: An image coding method and apparatus, as well as an image decoding method and apparatus are provided. The image coding method includes: performing the following processing on each intra-coding unit of an image: determining identification information for identifying a mode, where the mode defines one or more partition schemes, in each of which the intra-coding unit is uniformly partitioned into one or more transform units having a same size, and sizes of the transform units partitioned using different partition schemes are different; partitioning the intra-coding unit into the one or more transform units according to the mode identified by the identification information; and coding the image based on the one or more transform units. With the embodiment of the present disclosure, less bit cost for partition labels of the intra-coding unit is required, image prediction with a higher accuracy acquired, and a high coding efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a phototransistor (PT) comprising an emitter, a collector and a floating base; wherein the floating base, a p-n junction between the emitter and base (E-B junction) and a p-n junction between the base and the collector (B-C junction) are collectively in direct physical contact only with and completely encapsulated only by the emitter, the collector, and a section of a dielectric. Under an operating condition of the PT, a DC current density averaged over the E-B junction or a DC current density averaged over the B-C junction may be at least 100 times of a DC current density averaged over an opto-electronically active region of the PT. A sum of a capacitance of the E-B junction and a capacitance of the B-C junction may be less than 1 fF.

Abstract: Disclosed are phototransistors, and more specifically a detector that includes two or more phototransistors, conductively isolated from each other. Embodiments also relate to methods of making the detector.