Abstract: Disclosed are a method of determining a correcting logic for a reacting model of an SCR catalyst, a method of correcting parameters of the reacting model of the SCR catalyst and an exhaust system to which the methods are applied. The reacting model of the SCR catalyst is defined by m parameters and has n input variables, where m and n are natural numbers with n smaller than m. The reacting model of the SCR catalyst may be adapted to predict nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentration at a downstream of the SCR catalyst at the least.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a sensor that senses an external environment, a display that outputs a first screen including one or more movable particles, a memory, and a processor electrically connected with the sensor, the display, and the memory. The memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to obtain first information about the external environment through the sensor and to change a display state of a first particle of the one or more movable particles, based on a result obtained by analyzing the first information.

Abstract: Disclosed is an insulation fiber composite. In particular, a surface of the insulation fiber composite is substantially improved such that a shape of three dimensions can be maintained as a heat resisting fiber and an insulation material are integrated. The insulation fiber composite of the present invention has excellent formability and surface property and comprises an insulation layer; and a pair of inorganic fiber layers. A first inorganic fiber layer of the pair is stacked on an upper surface of the insulation layer and a second inorganic fiber layer is stacked on a lower surface of the insulation layer, respectively. In particular, each the inorganic fiber layers has a greater planar surface area than a planar surface area of the insulation layer such that the insulation is not exposed to an exterior when the insulation layer and the pair of the inorganic fiber layers are stacked.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of correcting a control logic of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst and an exhaust system. The control logic may be adapted to calculate an injection amount of a reducing agent for the SCR catalyst at the least. The method may include detecting input variables including temperature of the SCR catalyst and exhaust flow rate, discretizing the input variables, standardizing the discretized input variables, determining whether the discretized input variables are within a correction range, and correcting the control logic of the SCR catalyst if the discretized input variables are within the correction range.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of correcting a control logic of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst and an exhaust system. The control logic may be adapted to calculate an injection amount of a reducing agent for the SCR catalyst at the least. The method may include detecting input variables including temperature of the SCR catalyst and exhaust flow rate, discretizing the input variables, standardizing the discretized input variables, determining whether the discretized input variables are within a correction range, and correcting the control logic of the SCR catalyst if the discretized input variables are within the correction range.

Abstract: An insulation structure of catalytic converter of vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an LNT converter. A connecting housing is provided such that a urea reducing agent is injected to the exhaust gas when it is needed. An SDPF converter reduces nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas using the injected reducing agent, and SCR catalyst is coated on a filter. An insulation cover including inner surface contacts the LNT converter, the connecting housing and the SDPF converter and also includes an outer surface which is opposing surface to the inner surface and surrounds the LNT converter, the connecting housing and the SDPF converter. The insulation cover insulates heat generated from the LNT converter, the connecting housing and the SDPF converter. An insulation material is inserted and attached between the outer surface and the inner surface of the insulation cover.

Abstract: A catalytic converter for a vehicle includes an LNT converter into one side of which exhaust gas discharged from an engine flows and from the opposite side of which the exhaust gas. The LNT converter traps nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas under a lean environment, desorbs the trapped nitrogen oxide under a rich environment, and reduces the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas or the desorbed nitrogen oxide. A connecting housing changes a direction of a path of the exhaust gas to a vertical direction, and allows a reducing agent to be injected to the exhaust gas. An SDPF converter changes a direction of a path of the exhaust gas to a direction opposite to a direction, captures particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas, and reduces nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas using the injected reducing agent.

Abstract: A method of calculating a nitrogen oxide (NOx) mass reduced from a lean NOx trap (LNT) during regeneration includes calculating a C3H6 mass flow used to reduce the NOx among a C3H6 mass flow flowing into the LNT of an exhaust purification device, calculating a NH3 mass flow used to reduce the NOx among a NH3 mass flow generated in the LNT, calculating a reduced NOx mass flow based on the C3H6 mass flow used to reduce the NOx and the NH3 mass flow used to reduce the NOx, and calculating the reduced NOx mass by integrating the reduced NOx mass flow over a regeneration period.

Abstract: A method of calculating a nitrogen oxide (NOx) mass adsorbed in a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification device includes calculating a NOx mass flow stored in the LNT, calculating a NOx mass flow thermally released from the LNT, calculating a NOx mass flow released from the LNT at the rich air/fuel ratio, calculating a NOx mass flow chemically reacting with the reductant at the LNT, and integrating a value obtained by subtracting the NOx mass flow thermally released from the LNT, the NOx mass flow released from the LNT at the rich air/fuel ratio, and the NOx mass flow chemically reacting with the reductant at the LNT from the NOx mass flow stored in the LNT.

Abstract: A method of calculating an ammonia (NH3) mass generated in a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification device includes sequentially calculating a NH3 mass flow at a downstream of each slice from a first slice to an n-th slice, and integrating the NH3 mass flow at the downstream of the n-th slice over a predetermined time, wherein the calculation of the NH3 mass flow at the downstream of the i-th slice comprises calculating a NH3 mass flow flowing into the i-th slice, calculating a NH3 mass flow generated at the i-th slice, and adding the NH3 mass flow generated at the i-th slice to a value obtained by subtracting the NH3 mass flow used to reduce the NOx and the O2 at the i-th slice from the NH3 mass flow flowing into the i-th slice.

Abstract: A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst may include: determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied; determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; and performing regeneration of the LNT if the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied. In particular, the regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied if all of an engine operating condition, an LNT state condition, and a lambda sensor synchronization condition are satisfied.

Abstract: A particulate matter (PM) sensor unit may include an exhaust line where exhaust gas passes, and a PM sensor that may be disposed at one side of the exhaust line and that generates a signal when particulate matter included in the exhaust gas passes the vicinity thereof, wherein the PM sensor may be an electrostatic induction type that generates an induction charge while the particulate matter having an electric charge passes the vicinity thereof.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a display; a communication device configured to communicate with a user terminals; and a processor configured to control the display to display a UI, which includes items corresponding to content to be shared by users, in response to inputs of the users received through the user terminals, and control the display to display, on the UI, reproduction control states of the content to be distinguishable according to the respective users.

Abstract: Disclosed is an insulation fiber composite. In particular, a surface of the insulation fiber composite is substantially improved such that a shape of three dimensions can be maintained as a heat resisting fiber and an insulation material are integrated. The insulation fiber composite of the present invention has excellent formability and surface property and comprises an insulation layer; and a pair of inorganic fiber layers. A first inorganic fiber layer of the pair is stacked on an upper surface of the insulation layer and a second inorganic fiber layer is stacked on a lower surface of the insulation layer, respectively.

Abstract: A method of determining suitability of correction for a control logic of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, may include determining a suitability function of the correction based on a previous error and a current error when the correction has been performed, determining a suitability coefficient based on the suitability function of the correction, determining whether the correction may be suitable based on the number of corrections and the suitability coefficient, and resetting the control logic when the correction may be not suitable.

Abstract: A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst may include: determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied; determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; and performing regeneration of the LNT if the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied. In particular, the regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied if a NOx adsorption in the LNT is larger than or equal to a threshold NOx adsorption, and the threshold NOx adsorption is set to a minimum value of a target NOx adsorption in the LNT which changes according to a maximum NOx adsorption in the LNT in cold starting and a NOx purification efficiency of the SCR catalyst.

Abstract: A catalytic converter for a vehicle includes an LNT converter into one side of which exhaust gas discharged from an engine flows and from the opposite side of which the exhaust gas. The LNT converter traps nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas under a lean environment, desorbs the trapped nitrogen oxide under a rich environment, and reduces the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas or the desorbed nitrogen oxide. A connecting housing changes a direction of a path of the exhaust gas to a vertical direction, and allows a reducing agent to be injected to the exhaust gas. An SDPF converter changes a direction of a path of the exhaust gas to a direction opposite to a direction, captures particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas, and reduces nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas using the injected reducing agent.

Abstract: A method of desulfurizing a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst includes determining whether a desulfurization feasibility condition of the LNT is satisfied, determining whether a desulfurization demand condition of the LNT is satisfied, and performing desulfurization of the LNT if both of the desulfurization feasibility condition of the LNT and the desulfurization demand condition of the LNT are satisfied, wherein the desulfurization of the LNT is performed by repeating a desulfurization lean mode and a desulfurization rich mode according to whether a mode switching condition due to a desulfurization temperature is satisfied and whether a mode switching condition due to generation of H2S is satisfied.

Abstract: A system for purifying an exhaust gas includes an engine, a lean NOx trap (LNT) mounted on the exhaust pipe, a dosing module mounted at the exhaust pipe downstream of the LNT, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst mounted at the exhaust pipe downstream of the dosing module, and a controller for performing a denitrification (DeNOx) share between the LNT and the SCR catalyst according to a driving condition of the engine, wherein the controller predicts a NOx purifying ratio of the SCR catalyst according to the driving condition of the engine and adjusts a regeneration efficiency of the LNT based on an actual NOx purifying ratio of the SCR catalyst.

Abstract: A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst may include: determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied; determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; and performing regeneration of the LNT if the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied. In particular, the regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied if all of an engine operating condition, an LNT state condition, and a lambda sensor synchronization condition are satisfied.