Abstract: A display device includes: a base layer including a display area including an emission area and a non-emission area adjacent to the emission area, and a non-display area around the display area; a light emitting element in the emission area on the base layer; a color filter layer located above the light emitting element; and a light blocking pattern on the light emitting element and including a first light blocking pattern in the non-emission area and a second light blocking pattern in the non-display area. The first light blocking pattern and the second light blocking pattern are different in thickness from each other.

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing a pixel defining layer comprising applying and coating, pre-baking, exposing to light, developing, and post-baking of a photosensitive composition containing a colorant having a pigment with an average particle size of 100 nm or less, wherein the coated film generated after the post-baking has an optical density of 0.8/?m to 2.0/?m, a roughness of 3.0 nm or less, and no residue; and an organic light emitting display device comprising the pixel defining layer obtained by the method which has improved display reliability and lifetime as well as vivid colors.

Abstract: A pixel may include: an emission area and a non-emission area; a first bank in the non-emission area, the first bank including an opening corresponding to the emission area; a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate electrode that are spaced from each other; light emitting elements in the emission area, each of the light emitting elements including one end portion electrically connected to one of the first electrode, the second electrode, or the intermediate electrode and an other end portion electrically connected to another one of the first electrode, the second electrode, or the intermediate electrode; and a sub-bank located in the opening of the first bank, the sub-bank being spaced from the first bank. The intermediate electrode may be around at least a portion of the sub-bank.

Abstract: The multi sample prediction method of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining a sample group consisting of a plurality of samples inside a decoding target block; determining a representative position corresponding to the sample group, inside the decoding target block; determining a representative prediction value for the sample group, on the basis of the determined representative position; and determining the determined representative prediction value as the final prediction value for each of the plurality of samples making up the sample group. The present invention enhances efficiency in encoding/decoding and reduces complexity thereof.

Abstract: A memory device includes a plurality of bit lines extending in a first direction and arranged in a second direction; and a cell region including a plane which is coupled to the plurality of bit lines, wherein the plane is divided into a plurality of memory groups each including a plurality of partial pages to be disposed in a plurality of rows in the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encoding method and decoding method, and a device using the same. The encoding method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: specifying an intra prediction mode for a current block; and scanning a residual signal by intra prediction of the current block, wherein the step of scanning the residual signal can determine a scanning type for a luminance signal and a chroma signal of the current block according to an intra prediction mode for a luminance sample of the current block.

Abstract: Provided is a cognitive experiment method for change in periphery region image quality for parameter determination of a foveated hologram. According to an embodiment, a cognitive experiment method for determining foveated image parameters includes: generating a foveated image which includes a foveal region and a periphery region while reducing image quality regarding the periphery region; displaying the generated foveated image; receiving an input of a response to image quality of the periphery region from a subject; and collecting information regarding appropriate image quality of the periphery region, based on the response inputted by the subject. Accordingly, in applying a foveated hologram generation algorithm for real-time reproduction, various parameters such as a boundary between a foveal region image and a periphery region image in a foveated hologram, and a degree of quality degradation of the periphery region image may be appropriately determined through a cognitive experiment.

Abstract: A processor-implemented method with checkpointing includes: performing an operation for learning of an artificial neural network (ANN) model; and performing a checkpointing to store information about a state of the ANN model, simultaneously with performing the operation for the learning of the ANN model.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment comprises an insulating layer; an electrode layer disposed on the insulating layer; and a protective layer disposed on the insulating layer and including an opening vertically overlapping at least a portion of an upper surface of the electrode layer; wherein the electrode layer includes: a first layer disposed on the insulating layer; a second layer disposed on the first layer; a third layer disposed on the second layer; and a fourth layer disposed on the third layer, wherein a width of the second layer is greater than a width of the third layer, wherein a thickness of the second layer is greater than a thickness of the third layer, and wherein a height of an upper surface of the protective layer is equal to or less than a height of an upper surface of the third layer.

Abstract: An automated gas supply system includes a gas cylinder transfer unit configured to transfer a cradle in which one or more gas cylinders storing a gas therein are stored; a gas cylinder inspection unit configured to check properties of the gas stored in the gas cylinder transferred from the gas cylinder transfer unit and check whether the gas leaks from the gas cylinder; a storage queue configured to receive the gas cylinder from the gas cylinder inspection unit by a mobile robot and configured to classify and store the transferred gas cylinders according to the properties of the gas stored in the gas cylinder; and a gas cabinet configured to receive the gas cylinder from the storage queue by the mobile robot and fasten a gas pipe, which is connected to a semiconductor manufacturing process line, to a gas spray nozzle, which is disposed at one side of the received gas cylinder, to supply the gas stored in the gas cylinder to the semiconductor manufacturing process line, wherein the gas cabinet includes a resid

Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a drug carrier having excellent bioavailability and improved drug encapsulation efficiency by preparing lipoprotein-mimicking solid lipid nanoparticles having a core-shell structure consisting of albumin-conjugated cholesterol, a fusogenic lipid, a cationic lipid, a triglyceride and a cholesteryl ester.

Abstract: Provided is a holographic optical element printing method using a tunable focus lens and a rotating mirror. According to an embodiment, a holographic printer includes: a first optical engine and a second optical engine configured to adjust a phase of an incident collimated beam and emit the collimated beam; and a first reduction optical system and a second reduction optical system configured to reduce the beam emitted from the first optical engine and the second optical engine and to allow the beam to enter a holographic material, wherein each of the first optical engine and the second optical engine includes: a rotating mirror configured to reflect while adjusting the phase of the incident collimated beam through rotation; and a tunable focus lens configured to refract while adjusting the phase of the incident collimated beam reflected from the rotating mirror through focus tuning.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: A semiconductor manufacturing equipment may include a process chamber for treating a substrate; a front-end module including a first transfer robot, wherein the first transfer robot may be configured to transport the substrate received in a container; a transfer chamber between the front-end module and the process chamber, wherein the transfer chamber may be configured to load or unload the substrate into or out of the process chamber; and a cassette capable of receiving a replaceable component capable of being used in the process chamber. The front-end module may include a seat plate configured to move in a sliding manner so as to retract or extend into or from the front-end module. The cassette may be configured to be loaded into the front-end module while the cassette is seated on the seat plate.

Abstract: Ophthalmic therapeutic agents having as pharmaceutically active ingredient a poorly water soluble drug of formula 1 are described. Specifically, an ophthalmic formulation containing an inclusion complex of a poorly soluble drug of formula 1 enclosed in cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative in an aqueous solution of pH 10 or higher is administered to a patient in need of optic nerve protection.

Abstract: Provided is a hologram image normalization method for a holographic printer. In a holographic printing method according to an embodiment, generating, encoding, and normalizing for the (n+1)-th hogel are performed in parallel with loading and recording of a normalized hologram for the n-th hogel, and moving and waiting for the (n+1)-th hogel. Accordingly, a global maximum value and a global minimum value for normalization may be calculated as approximate estimation values, and a hologram generation process and a printing process may be performed in parallel, so that a total printing time may be minimized and memory usage may be optimized when holographic printing is performed.

Abstract: A display device includes electrodes in an emission area of a pixel, and spaced apart from each other, light-emitting elements respectively between the electrodes, connection electrodes above the light-emitting elements, and including a first electrode portion, a second electrode portion, and a connection portion between the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion, and a shielding electrode in a non-emission area of the pixel, and overlapping the connection portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a decoding method for a bit stream that supports a plurality of layers. The decoding method may include receiving information on a set of video parameters that includes information on the plurality of layers, and parsing the set of video parameters to grasp information on the layers in the bit stream.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) according to one aspect of the present invention may include forming, on a semiconductor substrate, a first region implanted with impurity ions at a first average concentration and a second region implanted with no impurity ions or implanted with the impurity ions at a second average concentration lower than the first average concentration, forming an insulating layer by oxidizing the semiconductor substrate wherein the insulating layer includes a first oxide layer having a first thickness on at least a part of the first region and a second oxide layer having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness on at least a part of the second region, and forming a membrane layer on the insulating layer such that a gap is defined between the second oxide layer and the membrane layer.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a light emitting element; a first transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to a first node, a second node to which a first power voltage for driving the light emitting element is to be applied, and a third node electrically connected to the light emitting element; and a bias control transistor configured to be controlled in operating timing thereof by a bias control signal, and configured to switch electrical connection between the second node and a bias power line for transmitting a bias voltage. In one frame period, a voltage level of the bias voltage to be applied to the second node sequentially increases.