Abstract: A method for dividing overlapping boundaries of natural reserves is disclosed. The method includes: S1, classifying the boundaries of different types of the natural reserves; S2, extracting the boundaries overlapping area of different types of the natural reserves; S3, calculating the absolute overlapping rate between each natural reserve and other natural reserves; S4. calculating the absolute number of overlapping between each natural reserves and other natural natural reserves; S5. obtaining a continuous overlapping area model based on the absolute number of overlapping; S6. classifying the continuous overlapping area model according to the continuous overlapping area model to obtain clustering characteristics of each region. A quantitative method can be provided for the overlapping characteristics and relationship of the spatial boundaries of different types of natural reserves.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a device for detecting a wavefront error by modal-based optimization phase retrieval using an extended Nijboer-Zernike (ENZ) theory. The detection device includes a point light source (1), a half mirror (2), a lens (3) to be tested, a plane mirror (4) and an image sensor (5). The wavefront error of the component under test is characterized by using a Zernike polynomial, and a Zernike polynomial coefficient is solved based on an ENZ diffraction theory. The present disclosure realizes the one-time full-aperture measurement on the wavefront error of a large-aperture optical component, and can use a partially overexposed image to achieve accurate wavefront error retrieval. Meanwhile, the present disclosure overcomes the contradiction between underexposure and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by a limited dynamic range when the image sensor (5) acquires an image. The detection device is simple and does not have high requirements for the experimental environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a yieldable construction method for early releasing surrounding rock deformation on a weak toppling slope, thereby reducing surrounding rock toppling deformation risk in and after an excavation process and ensuring overall slope stability and safety of a supporting structure. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: loosing a rock mass through controlled blasting; inducing toppling deformation of the slope by injecting water and softening a blasting relaxation part of the rock mass; determining timing of water injection by monitoring slope surface displacement characteristics of the slope; and performing a normal excavation process of the toppling deformation slope after injecting is completed. The present invention is applicable to design and construction of high slope engineering of a special kind of rocks, i.e., a toppling deformation slope composed of weak rock masses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for soft soil foundation treatment by vacuum-membrane-free vacuum preloading and a treatment method. The device comprises includes several top plates for being laid on the surface of soft soil foundation and several vertical plates for being vertically driven into the soft soil foundation, wherein the vertical plates are driven against the symmetrical side edges of the top plates; the vertical plate has an inner chamber, the top surface of the vertical plate is provided with a vertical plate main-hole in communication with the inner chamber of the vertical plate, both sides of the vertical plate are provided with several vertical plate vacuum mini-holes in communication with the inner chamber of the vertical plate; the vertical plate main-hole is in communication with vacuum equipment. The invention is applicable to applicable to the field of geotechnical engineering techniques.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for soft soil foundation treatment by vacuum-membrane-free vacuum preloading and a treatment method. The device comprises includes several top plates for being laid on the surface of soft soil foundation and several vertical plates for being vertically driven into the soft soil foundation, wherein the vertical plates are driven against the symmetrical side edges of the top plates; the vertical plate has an inner chamber, the top surface of the vertical plate is provided with a vertical plate main-hole in communication with the inner chamber of the vertical plate, both sides of the vertical plate are provided with several vertical plate vacuum mini-holes in communication with the inner chamber of the vertical plate; the vertical plate main-hole is in communication with vacuum equipment. The invention is applicable to applicable to the field of geotechnical engineering techniques.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for soil disturbance at the back of a shield tunnel, wherein: the apparatus is formed by a fitting I and a fitting II connected by means of three bolts that form equal angles; the fitting I is a short circular pipe; an end surface of a fitting end of the fitting I is provided with a water passage; a pipe wall of the pipe is provided with 2-8 water spouts; the fitting II is a long circular pipe whose inner and outer diameters are consistent with those of the fitting I; a fitting end of the fitting II is provided with two O-shaped water stop rings; a pipe wall of the fitting II is provided with three water inlets that form equal angles and are in communication with the water passage of the fitting I.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for tackling the repelling of hammering during pipe pile driving. The technical scheme of the present invention includes: when repelling of hammering occurs in the process of piling through a sand layer, drill holes downwardly around and/or inside the pipe pile, and jet high-pressure water to the sand layer below to cut and disturb the sand layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surrounding rock pretreatment method for a TBM (tunnel boring machine) passing through a round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the surrounding rock pretreatment method includes the following steps: 1. determining a pretreatment area, wherein an area in which a clear spacing between a to-be-constructed tunnel and an adjacent existing tunnel in a TBM tunneling direction is less than 2 times that of a tunnel diameter of the TBM to-be-constructed tunnel is the pretreatment area: 2. performing controlled blasting; 3. injecting high pressure water, and selecting part of blast holes I to perform cyclic water injection pressurizing; and 4, performing normal tunneling by the TBM.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to test friction resistance at inner and outer sidewalls of pipe pile through in-situ test. The method comprises embedding a strain sensor at inner or outer sidewalls of pipe pile to measure strain variation generating on pipe pile body under the action of load; carrying out static load test with the soil plug remaining in the pipe pile to obtain the strain variation ?p1j,i of the pipe pile body at the ith soil layer; taking out the soil plug remaining in the pipe pile and carrying out static load test to obtain the strain variation ?p2j,i of the pipe pile body at the ith soil layer; and obtaining the friction respectively at the outer and inner sidewalls of the pipe pile at the ith soil layer according to the measured strain variation, ?p1j,i and ?p2j,i.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surrounding rock pretreatment method for a TBM (tunnel boring machine) passing through a round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the surrounding rock pretreatment method includes the following steps: 1. determining a pretreatment area, wherein an area in which a clear spacing between a to-be-constructed tunnel and an adjacent existing tunnel in a TBM tunneling direction is less than 2 times that of a tunnel diameter of the TBM to-be-constructed tunnel is the pretreatment area: 2. performing controlled blasting; 3. injecting high pressure water, and selecting part of blast holes I to perform cyclic water injection pressurizing; and 4, performing normal tunneling by the TBM.

Abstract: The present invention provides a yieldable construction method for early releasing surrounding rock deformation on a weak toppling slope, thereby reducing surrounding rock toppling deformation risk in and after an excavation process and ensuring overall slope stability and safety of a supporting structure. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: loosing a rock mass through controlled blasting; inducing toppling deformation of the slope by injecting water and softening a blasting relaxation part of the rock mass; determining timing of water injection by monitoring slope surface displacement characteristics of the slope; and performing a normal excavation process of the toppling deformation slope after injecting is completed. The present invention is applicable to design and construction of high slope engineering of a special kind of rocks, i.e., a toppling deformation slope composed of weak rock masses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to test friction resistance at inner and outer sidewalls of pipe pile through in-situ test. The method comprises embedding a strain sensor at inner or outer sidewalls of pipe pile to measure strain variation generating on pipe pile body under the action of load; carrying out static load test with the soil plug remaining in the pipe pile to obtain the strain variation ?p1j,i of the pipe pile body at the ith soil layer; taking out the soil plug remaining in the pipe pile and carrying out static load test to obtain the strain variation ?p2j,i of the pipe pile body at the ith soil layer; and obtaining the friction respectively at the outer and inner sidewalls of the pipe pile at the ith soil layer according to the measured strain variation, ?p1j,i and ?p2j,i.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for tackling the repelling of hammering during pipe pile driving, which is of simply structure and can be carried out easily. The technical scheme of the present invention comprises: When repelling of hammering occurs in the process of piling through a sand layer, drill holes downwardly around and/or inside the pipe pile, and jet high-pressure water to the sand layer below to cut and disturb the sand layer, which consequently decreases the soil resistance to the pipe pile and increases the driveability. The present invention is applied to geotechnical engineering.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for soil disturbance at the back of a shield tunnel, wherein: the apparatus is formed by a fitting I and a fitting II connected by means of three bolts that form equal angles; the fitting I is a short circular pipe; an end surface of a fitting end of the fitting I is provided with a water passage; a pipe wall of the pipe is provided with 2-8 water spouts; the fitting II is a long circular pipe whose inner and outer diameters are consistent with those of the fitting I; a fitting end of the fitting II is provided with two O-shaped water stop rings; a pipe wall of the fitting II is provided with three water inlets that form equal angles and are in communication with the water passage of the fitting I.

Abstract: A backfill prevention system for a gas flow conduit, comprising a gas flow monitor circuit which measures the rate and direction of gas flow through a gas flow conduit and converts the measured data into a voltage signal. A valve control circuit operably connected to a valve or valves in the gas flow conduit receives the voltage signal from the gas flow monitor circuit and closes the valve or valves in the event that the voltage signal indicates backflow of a gas through the gas flow conduit. The valve control conduit may further be provided with a first light emitting diode (LED) which is illuminated during normal flow of the gas through the conduit, and a second LED which is illuminated in the event of gas backflow through the conduit. The system is typically used in conjunction with a mass flow controller in the conduit.

Abstract: A backfill prevention system for a gas flow conduit, comprising a gas flow monitor circuit which measures the rate and direction of gas flow through a gas flow conduit and converts the measured data into a voltage signal. A valve control circuit operably connected to a valve or valves in the gas flow conduit receives the voltage signal from the gas flow monitor circuit and closes the valve or valves in the event that the voltage signal indicates backflow of a gas through the gas flow conduit. The valve control conduit may further be provided with a first light emitting diode (LED) which is illuminated during normal flow of the gas through the conduit, and a second LED which is illuminated in the event of gas backflow through the conduit. The system is typically used in conjunction with a mass flow controller in the conduit.