Abstract: A covering layer (240) is formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and contains an insulating inorganic material. An intermediate layer (220) contains a material having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of a material of the covering layer (240). A buffer layer (230) has a surface in contact with the intermediate layer (220), that is, a first surface. The buffer layer (230) has a surface in contact with the covering layer (240), that is, a second surface. A linear expansion coefficient difference between a material of the buffer layer (230) and the inorganic material of the covering layer (240) is less than a linear expansion coefficient difference between the material of the intermediate layer (220) and the inorganic material of the covering layer (240).

Abstract: A covering layer (240) is formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and contains an insulating inorganic material. An intermediate layer (220) contains a material having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of a material of the covering layer (240). A buffer layer (230) has a surface in contact with the intermediate layer (220), that is, a first surface. The buffer layer (230) has a surface in contact with the covering layer (240), that is, a second surface. A linear expansion coefficient difference between a material of the buffer layer (230) and the inorganic material of the covering layer (240) is less than a linear expansion coefficient difference between the material of the intermediate layer (220) and the inorganic material of the covering layer (240).

Abstract: Each of the red, green and blue column electrodes has widened portions each having a row-direction width larger than that of the other portions. Each of the widened portions faces a head portion of each of the transparent electrodes of a pair of row electrodes constituting each row electrode pair. The widened portion of the green column electrode facing the green discharge cell provided with the green phosphor layer is located in a different position in the column direction from a position of each of the widened portions of the red and blue column electrodes respectively facing the red and blue discharge cells respectively provided with the red and blue phosphor layers.

Abstract: Each of the red, green and blue column electrodes has widened portions each having a row-direction width larger than that of the other portions. Each of the widened portions faces a head portion of each of the transparent electrodes of a pair of row electrodes constituting each row electrode pair. The widened portion of the green column electrode facing the green discharge cell provided with the green phosphor layer is located in a different position in the column direction from a position of each of the widened portions of the red and blue column electrodes respectively facing the red and blue discharge cells respectively provided with the red and blue phosphor layers.

Abstract: The method of producing a two-disc laminated optical video disc, includes first forming, on a first substrate, a first reflecting film capable of partially reflecting and partially transmitting a laser beam. Next on a second substrate, a second reflecting film is formed having a reflectance higher than that of the first reflecting film. A liquid ultraviolet-setting resin is applied to the first reflecting film and/or the second reflecting film. The above treated first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together, with a light-transmissible middle layer interposed therebetween. The liquid ultraviolet-setting resin is solidified by means of an ultraviolet light directed from below the first substrate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for manufacturing an optical disk with multiple layers efficiently with improved reliability. An optically transparent sheet is laminated on a first information recording surface, and an ultraviolet light hardened resin is formed thereon which has a second information recording surface.

Abstract: A method of producing an optical disc of bonded type includes the processes of: (A) forming a first reflection film, which is half transparent for partially reflecting and partially transmitting an incident light, on a first information record surface of a first transparent substrate; (B) forming a second reflection film, which has a reflective index higher than that of the first reflection film, on a second information record surface of a second transparent substrate; (C) dripping a liquid resin of ultraviolet hardening type onto one of the first and second reflection films by a spin coating method to form a first resin layer in a non-hardened condition; (D) dripping a liquid resin of ultraviolet hardening type onto the other of the first and second reflection films by a spin coating method; (E) emitting ultraviolet onto the liquid resin dripped by the process (D) to form a second resin layer of ultraviolet hardening type in a hardened condition; (F) provisionally bonding the first and second transparent sub

Abstract: An optical element includes a light-transmittable substrate and a light-transmittable dry-light-curing-film layered on the substrate and having an undulant pattern on a surface thereof, characterized by the dry-light-curing-film has a specific range viscosity at room temperature in the unhardened state, a specific range thickness in the unhardened state, the specific range creep and creep recovery characteristics.

Abstract: This optical disk is two-substrates bonding type. In the optical disk, from the first transparent substrate side toward the second substrate side, at least following layers are laminated in that order; (1) the first transparent substrate, (2) the first optical film, (3) the intermediate layer, (4) the second optical film, and (5) the second substrate. The intermediate layer is formed of a dry photohardenable film of light transmissive type, which has a viscosity of 3,500 to 400,000 poises at a room temperature and in a non-hardened condition and has a thickness of 5 to 200 .mu.m in the non-hardened condition. The shapes of pits or grooves and the extent of light transmissive property are set so that both of the first pit-groove surface on the first transparent substrate and the second pit-groove surface on the second substrate can be read by irradiating the optical disk with the beam for reproduction from the first transparent substrate side of the optical disk.