Abstract: The invention relates to solid bodies made of high-temperature superconducting material to which contact is made by solid, compact metallic conductors.To produce said solid bodies, high-temperature superconducting material is either melted completely or a melt is obtained from the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper, and, optionally, of antimony and lead. The solid, compact metallic conductors made of silver, gold, a platinum metal or an alloy containing said metals are then partially encased in the melt and the melt is allowed to solidify. Finally, the solid body obtained is annealed together with the conductors in a first stage at temperatures of from 710.degree. to 810.degree. C. and in a second stage in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at temperatures of from 750.degree. to 880.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing cylindrical or round parts of high-T.sub.c superconductor material comprising bismuth, strontium, calcium, copper and oxygen. In this process, a pre-prepared finely-divided oxide mixture with organic additives is first introduced at room temperature into a casting mold. The shaped mixture is then converted into the superconducting shaped part by subsequent thermal treatment.

Abstract: To produce a high-temperature superconductor of the composition Bi.sub.2 (Sr,Ca).sub.3 Cu.sub.2 O.sub.8+x having a strontium to calcium ratio of 5:1 to 2:1 and a value of x between 0 and 2, the oxides and/or carbonates of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper are vigorously mixed in a stoichiometric ratio. The mixture is heated at a temperature of 870.degree. to 1100.degree. C. until a homogeneous melt is obtained. The melt is poured into mold and allowed to solidify in them. The cast bodies removed from the molds are annealed for 6 to 30 hours at 780.degree. to 850.degree. C. Finally, the annealed cast bodies are treated for at least 6 hours at temperatures of 600.degree. to 820.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere. The cast bodies can be converted into shaped bodies of the desired sizes by mechanical processes before they are annealed. The shape and size of the shaped bodies may also be determined by the shape and dimensioning of the mold used in producing the cast bodies.

Abstract: In a process for producing a high-temperature superconductor from oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium, copper and optionally of lead and including sulfates of strontium and/or barium, the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium, copper and optionally of lead in the desired molar ratio, and from 2 to 30% by weight of strontium sulfate and/or from 1 to 20% by weight of barium sulfate, each calculated according to the mixture of the oxides, are mixed intimately, the mixture is melted in a crucible of a platinum metal at temperatures from 870.degree. to 1600.degree. C., the melt is poured into permanent molds of desired form and size and is allowed to solidify slowly therein, and the moldings produced are freed from the permanent mold material and are annealed for from 6 to 200 hours at temperatures from 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.

Abstract: A description is given of a solid oxide-ceramic superconductor containing copper in the crystal lattice which is composed of crystals which are arranged essentially in parallel and intergrown with one another and which also contains, per 100 g of copper in the superconductor, 0.04 to 0.5 mol of CuF.sub.2 or KF, and of a sinter process for producing it. The copper-containing superconductor may be made up, for example, of bismuth, strontium, calcium or of bismuth, strontium, calcium, lead and also copper and oxygen.

Abstract: To produce tubular molded parts made of high-temperature superconductor oxide material based on bismuth, calcium, strontium and copper, a homogeneous melt of the oxide with a specified stoichiometry is allowed to run at temperatures of 900.degree. to 1100.degree. C. into a casting zone rotating about its horizontal axis. The solidified molded part is removed from the casting zone and it is annealed for 4 to 150 hours at 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. A plant for producing tubular molded parts includes a rotatably arranged mold (4, 9) which is provided at least at one end face with a front plate 6 which reduces its free cross section, a runner 7 extending into the interior of the mold (4, 9) and a crucible 8 arranged above the runner 7 which is capable of feeding the runner 7 with melt (cf. FIG. 2 A).

Abstract: In the process for producing molded bodies from precursors of oxidic high-temperature superconductors a copper mold of the desired shape which encloses a solidified bismuth strontium calcium cuprate melt is treated with a solution of a soluble compound containing sulfate anions, an aqueous mineral acid and an oxidizing agent until the copper mold is dissolved. A protective layer of at least one of strontium sulfate or calcium sulfate is formed on the solidified melt.

Abstract: To produce more complex molded bodies from precursors of high-temperature superconductors based on the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper, the homogeneous melt of these oxides is cast in molds at temperatures of 870.degree. to 1000.degree. C. In this process, the geometrically appropriately shaped molds are composed of a material having a melting point of at least 1000.degree. C. Finally, the molds containing solidified melt of the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper are treated with dilute hydrofluoric acid at temperatures of 20.degree. to 90.degree. C. until the molds are dissolved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-temperature superconductor composed of the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper and, optionally, of lead, and having the composition Bi.sub.2-a+b+c Pb.sub.a (Sr, Ca).sub.3-b-c Cu.sub.2+d O.sub.x, where a=0 to 0.7; b+c=0 to 0.5; d=-0.1 to 0.1 and x=7 to 10 and a Sr:Ca ratio of 2.8:1 to 1:2.8 as well as of strontium and/or barium sulfates. Said superconductor can be prepared by intimately mixing the oxides of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper and optionally of lead with strontium and/or barium sulfates, melting the mixture by heating to temperatures of 870 to 1300.degree. C., higher temperatures being required for higher strontium and/or barium sulfate contents, pouring the melt into molds and allowing it to solidify slowly therein and subjecting the moldings removed from the molds to a heat treatment at temperatures of 700 to 900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.

Abstract: In the process for producing molded bodies from precursors of oxidic high-temperature superconductors of the BSCCO type, a copper mold of the desired shape which encloses a solidified bismuth strontium calcium cuprate melt is wired as anode in a direct current circuit composed of anode, cathode and an electrolyte, a dilute sulfuric acid is used as electrolyte and the electrolyte is subjected to a direct current of 1 to 50 mA.cm.sup.-2 until the copper mold wired as anode is dissolved and the BSCCO molded body is laid bare.

Abstract: Method for joining parts of ceramic high-temperature superconductor material of the composition Bi.sub.(2+a-b) (Sr.sub.1-c) Ca.sub.c) .sub.(3-a) Pb.sub.b Cu.sub.(2+d) O.sub.x, where a is 0 to 0.3, b is 0 to 0.5, c is 0.1 to 0.9 and d is 0 to 2 and x has a value depending on the state of oxidation of the metals present, the end faces of the parts located at a gap spacing apart from one another are heated by means of a fuel gas/oxygen flame to temperatures from 750.degree. to 875.degree. C. Simultaneously, a rod of the same material above the spacing gap is heated until the melt thereof drips off into the gap between the end faces of the two parts, completely filling the gap. At least the joint region between the two parts is then heat-treated for 7 to 100 hours at temperatures between 780.degree. and 850.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resistive current limiter having at least one conductor of a superconductive high-temperature material, carrying the rated current. The electrically active length of said conductor is at least three times greater than its linear extent.

Abstract: A resistive current limiter takes the form of a hollow cylinder and is composed of high-temperature superconducting material. In this connection, the high-temperature superconducting material may be a polynary oxide.To produce said resistive current limiter, a homogeneous melt is prepared from an oxide mixture, suitable for forming high-temperature superconductors, in a specified stoichiometry and said melt is allowed to run, at temperatures above 900.degree. C., into a casting zone which rotates about its horizontal axis. The molding, solidified as a cylinder, is removed from the casting zone. The cylinder is sawn so as to produce a gap extending parallel to its axis. Furthermore, a multiplicity of slits are sawn into the cylinder parallel to the gap. Finally, the cylinder is heat-treated for up to 150 hours at 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.

Abstract: To produce a high-temperature superconductor of the composition Bi.sub.(2+a) (Sr.sub.(1-b) Ca.sub.b).sub.(3-a) Cu.sub.(2+c) O.sub.(8+x), where a is from 0 to 0.3, b is from 0.1 to 0.9 and c is from 0 to 2, and x has a value which depends on the oxidation state of the metals contained, oxides and/or carbonates of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper are thoroughly mixed. In this process, the copper compound is used as a mixture of copper(I) oxide and copper(II) oxide. Then the mixture of oxides and/or carbonates is first allowed to react mutually in an inert gas atmosphere at temperatures from 700.degree. to 800.degree. C. for 0.5 to 36 hours before subsequently treating the mixture in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at temperatures from 700.degree. to 875.degree. C. for 3 to 60 hours.

Abstract: To produce a high-temperature superconductor of the composition Bi.sub.2 (Sr,Ca).sub.3 Cu.sub.2 O.sub.8+x having a strontium to calcium ratio of 5:1 to 2:1 and a value of x between 0 and 2, the oxides and/or carbonates of bismuth, strontium, calcium and copper are vigorously mixed in a stoichiometric ratio. The mixture is heated at temperatures of 870.degree. to 1100.degree. C. until a homogeneous melt is obtained. The melt is poured into molds and allowed to solidify in them. The cast bodies removed from the molds are annealed for 6 to 30 hours at 780.degree. to 850.degree. C. Finally, the annealed cast bodies are treated for at least 6 hours at temperatures of 600.degree. to 820.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere.The cast bodies can be converted into shaped bodies of the desired sizes by mechanical processes before they are annealed.The shape and size of the shaped bodies may also be determined by the shape and dimensioning of the molds used in producing the cast bodies.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of penicillamine and acid addition salts of penicillamine through the production from penilloic acid or penicilloic acid formed by hydrolytic decomposition of a penicillin of penicillamine-mercuric-mercaptide which can be easily decomposed by means of hydrogen sulfide to penicillamine. The penicillamine-mercuric-mercaptide is formed as a crystalline precipitate by reaction of the penicilloic acid or penilloic acid with a mercuric salt in a ratio of 1:0.5 in a medium of a water miscible organic solvent and the precipitated penicillamine-mercuric-mercaptide after separation from the reaction medium is decomposed to the penicillamine.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for long distance telephone communication installations having a central apparatus comprising a central control unit and individual apparatus of different types; for example, internal connection sets, long distance line repeaters, exchange office repeaters in subscriber installations with extension stations, registers, dial receivers and the like. Correspondingly different information, for example dial impulse series, control criteria and the like are exchanged between the central control unit and the individual apparatus. Messages of different information content are transmitted by the same information signals by means of address information added to said signals. The address identifies a specific type of individual apparatus, and the evaluation of that address provides the correct interpretation of the information.