Abstract: A fluid supply device for providing a mobile phase for a sample separating device includes, a supply conduit for providing a fluid which forms at least a part of the mobile phase, a fluid valve which is fluidically coupled with the supply conduit and, depending on its switching state, enables or prevents a passing of the fluid from the supply conduit, an elastic buffer unit which is fluidically coupled upstream of the fluid valve with the supply conduit and which is configured for buffering the fluid, and a fluid conveying unit for conveying the fluid which passes the fluid valve.

Abstract: In a turbocharged internal combustion engine system including an eCompressor as a secondary air pump (SAP) for injecting air into an exhaust system of the ICE, controllable valves enable the turbocharger compressor and the SAP to provide two-stage compressed air to the intake of the ICE in certain operating conditions, or to feed the air via a secondary air injection line (SAI line) into the exhaust system in other conditions. A conduit is tapped off the discharge of the SAP and connects with discharge ducting from the turbocharger compressor, and an on/off valve configured for defined leakage in the “off” position controls flow through the conduit. When the air from the SAP is needed only for injection air, the leakage through the leaky valve into the intake system suppresses surge of the SAP.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for limiting the voltage applied to a component in a radio frequency path (RF path) of a radio frequency excitation system. According to the method, a radio frequency signal (RF signal) is tapped at a first random point of the RF path, and energy is withdrawn from the RF path when the RF signal tapped at the first point or a value proportional to the tapped RF signal exceeds a reference value, resulting in the component being protected against excess voltages due to disturbances.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for limiting the voltage applied to a component in a radio frequency path (RF path) of a radio frequency excitation system. According to the method, a radio frequency signal (RF signal) is tapped at a first random point of the RF path, and energy is withdrawn from the RF path when the RF signal tapped at the first point or a value proportional to the tapped RF signal exceeds a reference value, resulting in the component being protected against excess voltages due to disturbances.

Abstract: A radio-frequency power amplifier system operated in a resonant mode of operation includes a uniform power source, a switching element adapted for applying power on and off at a basic frequency from the uniform power source to a resonant circuit connected to a varying-resistance load at an output of the resonant circuit, a plurality of interconnected electrical components, including reactive elements, that together form, in their interconnected state during a particular operating state of the amplifier, one or more parasitic oscillating circuits having undesired resonance frequencies lower than the basic frequency, and one or more attenuating members adapted for attenuating oscillations in the parasitic oscillating circuits to prevent oscillations in the parasitic oscillating circuits from arising and to suppress low-frequency modulations of the basic frequency.

Abstract: A power amplifier for generating a sinusoidal high-frequency signal to be supplied to a load includes a current source adapted to supply a constant electrical current during a portion of a period of a fundamental wave, a first driver circuit that generates a first current wave, and a second driver circuit that generates a second current wave, and a filter network. The first driver circuit includes a first switching element adapted to switch at a fundamental frequency of the fundamental wave between a high ohmic state and a low ohmic state to draw current from the current source, a first capacitance connected in parallel to the first switching element, and a first reactive element to phase shift a first periodic signal. The first driver circuit has a first internal resistance.

Abstract: A radio-frequency power amplifier system operated in a resonant mode of operation includes a uniform power source, a switching element adapted for applying power on and off at a basic frequency from the uniform power source to a resonant circuit connected to a varying-resistance load at an output of the resonant circuit, a plurality of interconnected electrical components, including reactive elements, that together form, in their interconnected state during a particular operating state of the amplifier, one or more parasitic oscillating circuits having undesired resonance frequencies lower than the basic frequency, and one or more attenuating members adapted for attenuating oscillations in the parasitic oscillating circuits to prevent oscillations in the parasitic oscillating circuits from arising and to suppress low-frequency modulations of the basic frequency.

Abstract: A power amplifier for generating a sinusoidal high-frequency signal to be supplied to a load includes a current source adapted to supply a constant electrical current during a portion of a period of a fundamental wave, a first driver circuit that generates a first current wave, and a second driver circuit that generates a second current wave, and a filter network. The first driver circuit includes a first switching element adapted to switch at a fundamental frequency of the fundamental wave between a high ohmic state and a low ohmic state to draw current from the current source, a first capacitance connected in parallel to the first switching element, and a first reactive element to phase shift a first periodic signal. The first driver circuit has a first internal resistance.