Abstract: There is described a process for the continuous production of alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate, the process comprising the steps of: mixing particulate gypsum, a habit modifier and water to form a gypsum slurry. The process further comprises calcining the gypsum slurry to provide an alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate slurry and filtering the alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate slurry to separate at least one fluid stream from the slurry, measuring a first control parameter of the at least one fluid stream or the alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate slurry; and combining the at least one fluid stream with further gypsum, further water and further habit modifier to form a further gypsum slurry wherein the process further comprises varying the amount of further habit modifier depending on a measured value of the first control parameter. An apparatus for performing the described process is also provided.

Abstract: The present application describes a process for the continuous production of alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate, the process comprising the steps of: providing particulate gypsum; providing water; mixing the particulate gypsum and the water to form a gypsum slurry; and maintaining said gypsum slurry under raised pressure and temperature to convert the particulate gypsum into alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate and provide an alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate slurry. Additionally, the particulate gypsum comprises a D10 value greater than or equal to 2 ?m, a D90 value smaller than or equal to 90 ?m and a D50 value smaller than or equal to 25 ?m. Particulate gypsum for use in the process is also provided.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring strut assembly comprises a cylinder comprising a working end and a boosting chamber. The working end includes a first volume of gas and the boosting chamber includes a second volume of gas. A temperature control valve assembly is disposed in the interior volume separating the working end from the boosting chamber and includes an over-pressure valve configured to release the second volume of gas into the working end when the pressure within the boosting chamber increases above the normal pressure range of operation. A valve is disposed in the wall of the cylinder, in the working end thereof, and is configured to yield, to thereby vent the first volume of gas to atmosphere, when the pressure within the interior volume of the working end increases above the normal pressure range of operation.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring strut assembly comprises a cylinder wall defining an interior volume having a working end and a boosting chamber adjacent to the working end, the working end including a first volume of gas and the boosting chamber including a second volume of gas, a piston assembly disposed for reciprocation in the working end of the interior volume, a piston rod having a proximal end secured to the piston and a distal end projecting out of the interior volume, a temperature control valve assembly disposed in the interior volume separating the working end from the boosting chamber and including an engineered portion that is configured to prevent fluid flow between the working end and the boosting chamber while the first volume of gas is present in the working end and to permit fluid flow between the working end and the boosting chamber should the working end be evacuated of the first volume of gas.

Abstract: An elastic alignment assembly includes a first component having a first engagement surface. Also included is a second component having a second engagement surface and is configured to be mated with the first component. Further included is a receiving feature formed in at least one of the first engagement surface and the second engagement surface. Yet further included is a protrusion comprising a first sidewall and a second sidewall, the protrusion extending away from at least one of the first engagement surface and the second engagement surface, the protrusion formed of an elastically deformable material to elastically deform at a first interface and a second interface upon contact with the receiving feature, wherein the first interface is located proximate the first sidewall and the receiving feature, and wherein the second interface is located proximate the second sidewall and the receiving feature.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring strut assembly comprises a cylinder comprising a working end and a boosting chamber. The working end includes a first volume of gas and the boosting chamber includes a second volume of gas. A temperature control valve assembly is disposed in the interior volume separating the working end from the boosting chamber and includes an over-pressure valve configured to release the second volume of gas into the working end when the pressure within the boosting chamber increases above the normal pressure range of operation. A valve is disposed in the wall of the cylinder, in the working end thereof, and is configured to yield, to thereby vent the first volume of gas to atmosphere, when the pressure within the interior volume of the working end increases above the normal pressure range of operation.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system includes a first component having an interior cavity and an alignment member positioned at least partially within the interior cavity, a second component having an inner wall defining an alignment aperture, the alignment aperture configured to receive the alignment member to couple the first component and the second component, and a third component seated within the interior cavity. The alignment member is an elastically deformable material such that (a) when the third component is inserted into the interior cavity, the alignment member elastically deforms to an elastically averaged configuration to facilitate aligning the third component and the first component in a desired orientation, and (b) when the alignment member is inserted into the alignment aperture, the alignment member further elastically deforms to an elastically averaged final configuration to facilitate aligning the first component and the second component in a desired orientation.

Abstract: A spring strut assembly comprises a cylinder having a wall defining an interior volume comprising a working end and a boosting chamber; the working end including a first volume and the boosting chamber including a second volume of gas. A piston assembly is disposed for reciprocation in the working end of the interior volume. A piston rod has a proximal end secured to the piston and a distal end projecting out of a first end of the cylinder. A temperature control valve assembly is disposed in the interior volume separating the working end from the boosting chamber and a shock absorbing assembly is disposed in the interior volume between the piston assembly and the first end of the cylinder, and is compressible by the piston assembly when the temperature control valve is dislodged by pressure in the boosting chamber thereby driving the piston assembly into the shock absorbing member.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring strut assembly comprises a cylinder wall defining an interior volume having a working end and a boosting chamber adjacent to the working end, the working end including a first volume of gas and the boosting chamber including a second volume of gas, a piston assembly disposed for reciprocation in the working end of the interior volume, a piston rod having a proximal end secured to the piston and a distal end projecting out of the interior volume, a temperature control valve assembly disposed in the interior volume separating the working end from the boosting chamber and including an engineered portion that is configured to prevent fluid flow between the working end and the boosting chamber while the first volume of gas is present in the working end and to permit fluid flow between the working end and the boosting chamber should the working end be evacuated of the first volume of gas.

Abstract: An elastic retaining assembly for matable components includes a first component having a first surface. Also included is a second component having a second surface and a third surface, wherein the second component is configured to be mated with the first component. Further included is a receiving feature formed proximate an engagement side of the second component and defining a pin perimeter surface. Yet further included is an elastically deformable pin operatively coupled to, and extending away from, the first surface, wherein the elastically deformable pin is formed of an elastically deformable material to elastically deform proximate the pin perimeter surface upon contact with the receiving feature.

Abstract: An elastically deformable flange locator arrangement includes a first component having a first engagement surface. Also included is a second component configured to be mated with the first component. Further included is a first portion of the second component. Yet further included is a second portion of the second component extending relatively perpendicularly from the first portion proximate a perimeter of the first portion, the second portion having a second engagement surface, wherein the second portion is configured to elastically deform at a first interface upon contact between the first engagement surface and the second engagement surface.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system is provided. The system includes a first component having a plurality of opposed alignment members, the plurality of opposed alignment members defining a channel therebetween, and a second component configured for insertion into the channel between the plurality of opposed alignment members. At least one of the plurality of opposed alignment members and the second component is an elastically deformable material such that when the second component is inserted into the channel, at least one of the plurality of opposed alignment members and the second component elastically deform to an elastically averaged final configuration to facilitate aligning the first component and the second component in a desired orientation.

Abstract: An elastically averaged alignment system includes a first alignment portion comprising an alignment member and a first plurality of elastically deformable alignment elements. The alignment system also includes a second alignment portion comprising an elastically deformable alignment member configured and disposed to be received by and deformably and matingly engaged with the alignment member and a second plurality of elastically deformable alignment elements configured and disposed to deformably and matingly engage the first plurality of deformable alignment elements, wherein the engagement of the alignment member and deformable member and first plurality of elastically deformable alignment elements and the second plurality of elastically deformable alignment elements elastically average a predetermined position of the second alignment portion relative to the first alignment portion.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system includes a first component having an interior cavity and a pair of opposed alignment members positioned at least partially within the interior cavity, a second component having an inner wall defining a pair of opposed alignment apertures, each alignment aperture configured to receive one of the alignment members to couple the first component and the second component, and a third component seated within the interior cavity. The alignment member is an elastically deformable material such that when the opposed alignment members are inserted into the opposed alignment apertures (a) the alignment members elastically deform to an elastically averaged final configuration to facilitate aligning the first component and the second component in a desired orientation, and (b) the third component is secured within the interior cavity between the opposed alignment members to facilitate aligning the first and third components in a desired orientation.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system includes a first component having an interior cavity and an alignment member positioned at least partially within the interior cavity, a second component having an inner wall defining an alignment aperture, the alignment aperture configured to receive the alignment member to couple the first component and the second component, and a third component seated within the interior cavity. The alignment member is an elastically deformable material such that (a) when the third component is inserted into the interior cavity, the alignment member elastically deforms to an elastically averaged configuration to facilitate aligning the third component and the first component in a desired orientation, and (b) when the alignment member is inserted into the alignment aperture, the alignment member further elastically deforms to an elastically averaged final configuration to facilitate aligning the first component and the second component in a desired orientation.

Abstract: An elastic tube alignment system for the mating an emblem lens to an outer bezel utilizing the principle of elastic averaging. A plurality of geometrically separated elastic tube (male) alignment features are disposed on a first side of the emblem lens, while a plurality of one-to-one corresponding aperture (female) alignment features are provided in the outer bezel. During the mating, each elastic tube and its respective aperture provide elastic deformation, which, on average, precisely aligns the emblem lens with respect to the outer bezel.

Abstract: A method of forming an emblem assembly configured for attachment to a vehicle includes positioning a mask adjacent and in contact with a second element so that the mask covers only a selected portion of the second element and does not cover an exposed portion of the second element. The method includes vacuum metalizing a first coating onto only the exposed portion, wherein the first coating has a distal edge surface abutting the mask, and, after vacuum metalizing, removing the mask from the second element to uncover the selected portion. The method includes depositing a back coating onto only the first coating and the selected portion to thereby wrap the back coating around the distal edge surface, and, after depositing, inserting the second element into a first element configured for attachment to the vehicle so that the first coating does not contact the first element to form the assembly.

Abstract: A serviceable self-retaining elastic arrangement for mated components includes a first component having at least one protrusion having a retaining rib circumferentially extending around an outer surface of the at least one protrusion. Also included is a second component having at least one elastically deformable beam. Further included is at least one aperture defined by the at least one elastically deformable beam, the at least one aperture configured to receive the at least one protrusion therein and having at least one aperture dimension smaller than at least one protrusion dimension, wherein the at least one elastically deformable beam is elastically deformed in an engaged condition of the at least one protrusion with the at least one elastically deformable beam.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system is provided. The system includes a first component including an alignment member, the alignment member including a plurality of segments. The system also includes a second component including an inner wall defining an alignment aperture, the alignment aperture configured to receive the alignment member to couple the first component and the second component. The alignment member is an elastically deformable material such that when the alignment member is inserted into the alignment aperture, the alignment member elastically deforms to an elastically averaged final configuration to facilitate aligning the first component and the second component in a desired orientation.

Abstract: In one aspect, an elastically averaged alignment system is provided. The system includes a first component comprising an alignment member and a second component comprising an inner wall defining an alignment aperture. The alignment aperture is configured to receive at least a portion of the alignment member to couple the first component and the second component.