Abstract: Methods and systems for illuminating an occupied spaces are disclosed. In one general aspect, these include receiving illumination level control signals from a first multi-level illumination control designated as an illumination level control, receiving illumination level control signals from a second multi-level illumination control designated as a biological illumination control, and deriving from the selected levels of the first multi-level illumination control and from the selected levels of the second multi-level illumination control a first control signal to drive a first output for a first area illumination element and a second control signal operative to drive a second output for a second area illumination element for each combination of levels from the first and second controls to independently vary an illumination level and a biological attribute of the illumination of the occupied space in response to independent actuation of the first and second multi-level illumination controls.

Abstract: An herbal composition including Lonicera Japonica and Andrographis Paniculata, a method of preparing the herbal composition, and a method of administering the herbal composition to a subject in need thereof is disclosed. The method of administering can include intranasal administration.

Abstract: A strike barrier for use in an LED retrofit lamp is provided. The present invention provides the strike barrier with two silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) whose input is connected to a bridge rectifier and output is connected to a string of LED through a Zener diode. The strike barrier is compatible with UL ANSI requirement for a normal mode and an abnormal mode.

Abstract: A strike barrier for use in an LED retrofit lamp is provided. The present invention provides the strike barrier with two silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) whose input is connected to a bridge rectifier and output is connected to a string of LED through a Zener diode. The strike barrier is compatible with UL ANSI requirement for a normal mode and an abnormal mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for minimizing a ripple current and turning the light emitting diode (LED) OFF rapidly in order to maximize the efficiency of a light emitting diode array. To achieve this, a set of dual drain field effect transistor circuit is included with a light emitting diode array and a filter capacitor, wherein the LED current and the filter capacitor current are interrupted through a common source i.e. the dual drain field effect transistor (or two equivalent FETs). This turns the LEDs off nearly instantly, turns a switching power converter off and preserves the ripple filtering effects of the filter capacitor.

Abstract: A strike barrier for use in an LED retrofit lamp is provided. The present invention provides the strike barrier with two silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) whose input is connected to a bridge rectifier and output is connected to a string of LED through a Zener diode. The strike barrier is compatible with UL ANSI requirement for a normal mode and an abnormal mode.

Abstract: A LED retrofit lamp for replacement of fluorescent lamp or tube driven by fluorescent ballast is provided. The retrofit lamp is compatible with the fluorescent ballast that requires the presence of a barrier for striking an arc voltage. The present invention provides a strike barrier—a controllable barrier that does not allow current conduction until a threshold voltage is reached. When a current above the threshold voltage passes through the strike barrier, the circuit latches and allows conduction at normal voltage. The present invention also provides a circuit that replicates the cathode heater resistance of a fluorescent lamp to rapid start and programmed start ballast.

Abstract: A strike barrier for use in an LED retrofit lamp is provided. The present invention provides the strike barrier with two silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) whose input is connected to a bridge rectifier and output is connected to a string of LED through a Zener diode. The strike barrier is compatible with UL ANSI requirement for a normal mode and an abnormal mode.

Abstract: A light emitting diode retrofit lamp for replacement of fluorescent lamp or tube driven by fluorescent ballast is provided. The retrofit lamp consists of an enhanced circuit that overcomes the compatibility issues with the fluorescent ballasts. The circuit of the retrofit lamp comprises a deflickerizer circuit that prevents the flicker in the lamp when the lamp operates in the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 60 Hz. The deflickerizer circuit further provides a method to align frequency with the ballast frequency and maintains phase to avoid low frequency interference.

Abstract: A LED retrofit lamp for replacement of fluorescent lamp or tube driven by fluorescent ballast is provided. The retrofit lamp is compatible with the fluorescent ballast that requires the presence of a barrier for striking an arc voltage. The present invention provides a strike barrier—a controllable barrier that does not allow current conduction until a threshold voltage is reached. When a current above the threshold voltage passes through the strike barrier, the circuit latches and allows conduction at normal voltage. The present invention also provides a circuit that replicates the cathode heater resistance of a fluorescent lamp to rapid start and programmed start ballast.

Abstract: A light emitting diode retrofit lamp for replacement of fluorescent lamp or tube driven by fluorescent ballast is provided. The retrofit lamp consists of an enhanced circuit that overcomes the compatibility issues with the fluorescent ballasts. The circuit of the retrofit lamp comprises a deflickerizer circuit that prevents the flicker in the lamp when the lamp operates in the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 60 Hz. The deflickerizer circuit further provides a method to align frequency with the ballast frequency and maintains phase to avoid low frequency interference.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that uses power-line phase-cut signaling to change energy usage for one or more devices that share a common power signal. During operation, the system receives a request to change power usage. In response to the request, the system inserts a phase-cut notch into the common power signal. A device that is located downstream from the inserted phase-cut notch detects this notch in the common power signal, and in response triggers a power-state change. For instance, the device may trigger a reduced-power state when it detects a phase-cut notch.