Abstract: A fuel injector for use in a furnace causes a primary stream of a carrier gas and fuel to be mixed with heated air, oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and CO2 or re-circulated flue gas, within the injector by a secondary stream of heated air, before the primary stream exits the injector as a fuel stream and flows into a combustion zone of the furnace. The interaction of the primary stream with the heated air of the secondary stream increases stoichiometry at the center of the fuel stream exiting the injector, so as to minimize NOx creation and maximize combustion of fuel in the furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a furnace system to facilitate efficient and complete combustion of coal streams in a carrier gas. The apparatus, capable of being positioned horizontally or vertically in the coal pipes between the grinding mills and the furnace burner, contains a plurality of adjustable blades that are movable between an open and closed position. The position of the adjustable blades and the differing geometric shapes of the apparatus housing manipulate the amount and direction of coal streams in a carrier gas. This design reduces the amount of turbulent eddies in the pipe system, which helps to achieve a more homogenous flow of coal in a carrier gas and the efficient and complete combustion of coal in a carrier gas within the furnace burner.

Abstract: An Overfire Air (OFA) port design and method for use in a furnace system is disclosed. The OFA port design effectively reduces the amount of harmful pollutants emitted into the atmosphere upon discharge from an associated furnace.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use in a furnace is provided. The fuel injector is used to deliver pulverized fuel to a combustion chamber of a furnace. The structure of the fuel injector facilitates efficient combustion while stabilizing the combustion flame. As a result, a minimal amount of NOx and other undesirable byproducts are released into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A furnace system for solid fuel includes a tower distributor for addressing flow imbalance in a heterogeneous stream. The tower distributor comprises four sections: an inlet section, a mixer section, a recovery section and an outlet section. Illustratively, the inlet section includes a first elongated passageway where one, or more, input streams pass into the tower distributor. The mixer section receives the one, or more, input streams and mixes them together thereby creating turbulence while providing a single mixed stream to the recovery section. The recovery section includes an elongated passageway having a length sufficient for turbulence in the mixed heterogeneous stream to substantially subside as the mixed stream flows through the recovery section and exits to the outlet section as a laminar mixed stream. The outlet section provides the laminar mixed stream to multiple outlet pipes for transport to burners of the furnace system.

Abstract: A burner assembly cofires a primary solid fuel and a secondary solid fuel in a combustion zone of a boiler. The burner assembly includes a fuel injector that mixes the primary solid fuel and the secondary solid fuel prior to injection into the combustion zone of the boiler. The primary solid fuel may be pulverized coal, pulverized petroleum coke, or the like, while the secondary solid fuel may be a biomass fuel or refuse-derived fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a furnace system to facilitate efficient and complete combustion of coal streams in a carrier gas. The apparatus, capable of being positioned horizontally or vertically in the coal pipes between the grinding mills and the furnace burner, contains a plurality of adjustable blades that are movable between an open and closed position. The position of the adjustable blades and the differing geometric shapes of the apparatus housing manipulate the amount and direction of coal streams in a carrier gas. This design reduces the amount of turbulent eddies in the pipe system, which helps to achieve a more homogenous flow of coal in a carrier gas and the efficient and complete combustion of coal in a carrier gas within the furnace burner.

Abstract: A burner assembly cofires a primary solid fuel and a secondary solid fuel in a combustion zone of a boiler. The burner assembly includes a fuel injector that mixes the primary solid fuel and the secondary solid fuel prior to injection into the combustion zone of the boiler. The primary solid fuel may be pulverized coal, pulverized petroleum coke, or the like, while the secondary solid fuel may be a biomass fuel or refuse-derived fuel.

Abstract: An Overfire Air (OFA) port design and method for use in a furnace system is disclosed. The OFA port design effectively reduces the amount of harmful pollutants emitted into the atmosphere upon discharge from an associated furnace.

Abstract: A furnace system for solid fuel includes a tower distributor for addressing flow imbalance in a heterogeneous stream. The tower distributor comprises four sections: an inlet section, a mixer section, a recovery section and an outlet section. Illustratively, the inlet section includes a first elongated passageway where one, or more, input streams pass into the tower distributor. The mixer section receives the one, or more, input streams and mixes them together thereby creating turbulence while providing a single mixed stream to the recovery section. The recovery section includes an elongated passageway having a length sufficient for turbulence in the mixed heterogeneous stream to substantially subside as the mixed stream flows through the recovery section and exits to the outlet section as a laminar mixed stream. The outlet section provides the laminar mixed stream to multiple outlet pipes for transport to burners of the furnace system.

Abstract: An air nozzle for introducing secondary air into a furnace and including a housing provided with an inlet at one end thereof for receiving air and an outlet at the other end thereof for discharging the air. A damper is disposed in the housing in the path of the air for splitting the flow of the air into two flow streams which extend to different areas of the furnace and is adapted for pivotal movement in the housing to vary the amount of air flow in each of the streams and the discharge angle of one of the streams.

Abstract: An air nozzle for introducing secondary air into a furnace and including a housing provided with an inlet at one end thereof for receiving air and an outlet at the other end thereof for discharging the air. A damper is disposed in the housing in the path of the air for splitting the flow of the air into two flow streams which extend to different areas of the furnace and is adapted for pivotal movement in the housing to vary the amount of air flow in each of the streams and the discharge angle of one of the streams.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is located at one end of a tubular member thereof for receiving a fuel/air mixture, and an outlet is located at the other end of the tubular member for discharging the mixture. Secondary air is directed towards the outlet and a register vanes are provided in the path of secondary air flow for regulating the quantity of air flowing through the paths. A stabilizer vane extends from the outer surface of the burner housing and is constructed and arranged to stabilize the secondary air flow without affecting the discharge of the fuel from the burner.

Abstract: A combustion method in which a coal/primary air mixture is discharged from burners located in the corners of the furnace towards an imaginary circle disposed in the center of the furnace. Air is discharged from air nozzles also located in the corners of the furnace in two flow streams--one directed towards the center of the furnace in a combustion-supporting relation to the fuel, and the other along the inner surfaces of the furnace boundary walls to maintain an oxidizing atmosphere and minimize corrosion and slagging.

Abstract: A burner assembly in which an inlet is provided for receiving a mixture of particulate fuel and air, an outlet extending at an angle to the axis of said inlet. A passage connects the inlet and the outlet for passing a portion of the mixture directly from the inlet to the outlet, and a chamber communicates with the inlet for receiving a second portion of the mixture. The chamber is constructed and arranged to swirl the second mixture portion and direct it towards the passage for passing to the outlet. As a result, particle fracture and friction losses are minimized and the burner assembly can operate at relatively low pressures.A burner section communicates with the inlet section and includes an inlet for receiving the fuel-air mixture from the outlet of the inlet section, and an outlet for discharging the mixture into a furnace.

Abstract: A cyclone furnace combustion system and method in which a burner is mounted relative to a cyclone furnace for discharging a relatively fine particulate fuel in an axial direction into the furnace. Relatively coarse particulate fuel is discharged into the furnace in a tangential relationship thereto and air is provided in the furnace to support combustion of the fuels.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use in a furnace is provided. The fuel injector may include a generally tapered configuration and a nozzle having a plurality of open sections, which preferably have an elliptical configuration, arranged at the output for providing rich segregated fuel streams.

Abstract: A combustion system in which a coal/primary air mixture is discharged from burners located in the corners of the furnace towards an imaginary circle disposed in the center of the furnace. Air is discharged from air nozzles also located in the corners of the furnace in two flow streams--one directed towards the center of the furnace in a combustion-supporting relation to the fuel, and the other along the inner surfaces of the furnace boundary walls to maintain an oxidizing atmosphere and minimize corrosion and slagging.

Abstract: An air damper assembly for a coal-fired furnace in which a damper sleeve extends between two spaced walls adjacent the furnace in a manner to define an air inlet. A threaded support member is connected to the damper, and a threaded shaft is in threaded engagement with the support member. Rotation of the shaft causes corresponding movement of the support member, and therefore the damper, to vary the size of the opening and therefore the amount of air introduced into the furnace.

Abstract: A secondary air distribution for a furnace in which an housing is provided for receiving air and a set of dividers are located in the housing for dividing the air passing through the housing into a plurality of streams. A set of dampers are disposed in the housing and are located relative to the dividers for controlling the flow of each of said streams. Additional dividers are provided for splitting each of the streams of air flow and an additional set of dampers are disposed in the housing and are positioned relative to the additional dividers for controlling the flow of each of the split stream portions to the modules.