Abstract: In a method for forming interlayer connections, metal conducting paths in an overlying layer and vias forming the connections to conducting paths on an underlying layer are both deposited in one and the same operation. In an interlayer connection formed in this manner the vias are provided integral with connecting conducting paths in the overlying layer.

Abstract: In a memory and/or data processing device having at least two stacked layers (L) which are supported by a substrate (2) or forming a sandwiched self-supporting structure, wherein the layers (L) comprise memory and/or processing circuitry with mutual connections between the layers and/or to circuitry in the substrate (2), the layers (L) are mutually arranged such that contiguous layers form a staggered structure on at least one edge of the device and at least one electrical edge conductor (3) is provided passing over the edge on one layer and down one step at a time, enabling the connection to an electrical conductor in any of the following layers in the stack.

Abstract: A sliding door operating mechanism for a vehicle to provide access to the vehicle through an opening in a wall thereof, includes at least one sliding door and reciprocating power means and transmission means for transmitting movement of the power means to the door for performing opening, closing and locking movements thereof. A beam structure carries the door, the power means and the transmission means. The beam structure extends across and is accommodated with an upper portion of the opening so as to be slidingly movably driven by the power means between a relatively retracted position within the opening, in which the door is located in a first plane in a closed position confined within the opening, and a relatively less retracted position, in which the door is located in a second plane exteriorly of the opening allowing movement of the door means along the second plane.

Abstract: In a non-volatile passive matrix memory device (10) comprising an electrically polarizable dielectric memory material (12) exhibiting hysteresis, first and second sets (14; 15) of addressing electrodes constitute word lines (WL) and bit lines (BL) of the memory device. A memory cell (13) is defined in the memory material (12) at the overlap between a word line (WL) and a bit line (BL). The word lines (WL) are divided into segments (S) with each segments sharing and being defined by adjoining bit lines (BL). Means (25) are provided for connecting each bit line (BL) of a segment (S) with a sensing means (26), thus enabling simultaneous connections of all memory cells (13) of a word line segment (15) for readout via the bit lines (BL) of the segment (S). Each sensing means (26) senses the charge flow in a bit line (BL) in order to determine a stored logical value.

Abstract: Methods for the continuous determination of the properties of a flow of wood fibers for use in the production of fiberboard are disclosed including determining reference value characteristics for calibration samples of the fibers, determining predetermined relationships between those reference value characteristics and measured spectral values for the fibers utilizing multivariant statistical regression methods, measuring reflectance spectral values for the fibers illuminated by light, and determining the fiber characteristics relating to the properties from the measured spectral values utilizing the predetermined relationship.

Abstract: A method and a device for assembling an air-craft wing incorporating at least two of the operations drilling, riveting and fitting of anchor nuts (20), where a robot (7) is mobile relative to the wing in a plane parallel to the wing and where the robot (7) is equipped with an arm (9) designed to accommodate a tool holder (15), where the tool holder (15) is primarily equipped with tools for performing a single work operation, whereby the robot is moved so that the robot arm (9) is positioned at the first work position on the aircraft wing unit, where the robot (7) carries out the first work operation at the said first work position, where the robot arm (9) is manoeuvred in the correct order to new work positions on the wing unit within a work area (10) reachable by the robot arm (9), and carries out the first work operation at these new work positions.

Abstract: In a method of driving a passive matrix display or memory array of cells comprising an electrically polarizable material exhibiting hysteresis, in particular a ferroelectric material, wherein the polarization state of individual cells can be switched by application of electric potentials or voltages to word and bit lines in the matrix or array, a potential on selected word and bit lines is controlled to approach or coincide with one of n predefined potential levels and the potentials on all word and bit lines are controlled in time according to a protocol such that word lines are sequentially latched to potentials selected among nWORD potentials, while the bit lines are either latched sequentially to potentials selected among nBIT potentials, or during a certain period of a timing sequence given by the protocol connected to circuitry for detecting charges flowing between a bit line or bit lines and cells connecting thereto.

Abstract: In a non-volatile passive matrix memory device comprising an electrically polarizable dielectric memory material exhibiting hysteresis between first and second sets of addressing electrodes, the electrodes of the first set are word lines and the electrodes of the second set are bit lines of the memory device. A memory cell with a capacitor-like structure is defined in the memory material at the overlap between a word line and a bit line. The word lines are divided into segments with each segments sharing and being defined by adjoining bit lines and means are provided for connecting each bit line of a segment with a sensing means, thus enabling simultaneous connections of all memory cells of a word line segment for readout via the bit lines of the segment. Each sensing means senses the charge flow in a bit line in order to determine a logical value stored in a memory cell defined by the bit line.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the relative spacing of the pressure surfaces in a multi-cylinder press at a predetermined value greater than the desired minimum spacing during the pressing operation, and including liquid supplying means for a press cylinder, a liquid discharge valve and actuating means for mechanically opening the discharge valve when the relative spacing of the press surfaces decreases below a predetermined value. A further control valve adapted, in accordance with a predetermined program, to prevent or allow liquid to be discharged from the cylinder is also present.