Abstract: The rail vehicle body is constructed such that the base, roof and a centrally located bearing frame define a unitary bearing section member. The bearing frame may be composed of pairs of vertically stiffened walls, rows of vertically disposed posts, and one or more lattice girders. The side walls of the vehicle body are removably mounted so that ready access can be made to the chambers defined on opposite sides of the load-bearing frame. In addition, the load-bearing frame or frames are provided with apertures to provide access between the chambers on opposite sides of the bearing frame. Also, a drive means for driving the wheels of the vehicle body can be suspended from transverse girders forming the base of the vehicle body.

Abstract: The cross-coupling connects the two trucks of the vehicle together and employs a torsion shaft which is mounted on the vehicle body with torsionally stiff levers. The cross-coupling also has a shaft mounted on each truck with a pair of torsionally stiff arms. The innermost arms of the shafts are articulated via a hinged rod to an associated lever of the torsion shaft while the outermost arms are articulated through a rod to the vehicle body. In addition, piston cylinder units are provided for damping the rotational movements of the trucks relative to the body as well as independent damping means for damping the transverse movements of the vehicle body relative to the trucks.

Abstract: The low slung traction means serves to transmit traction or braking forces between the rail vehicle body and the supporting undercarriage. In one embodiment, the traction means has a horizontal intermediate member connected to the undercarriage via inclined rods and connected to the body via a second longitudinal connecting rod. In addition, the intermediate rod is coupled to the vehicle body via a guide means formed by a linkage. The traction and braking forces are transmitted exactly at the force attack point given by the imaginary intersection of the inclined rods and the moment exerted on the intermediate rod by the traction and/or braking forces is compensated by a corresponding reaction moment via the guide linkage. Other embodiments utilize transverse cross-pieces, T-shaped intermediate members, lever cross-intermediate members and the like.