Abstract: The invention pertains to the use of a lipid-rich nutrition for the manufacture of a composition for the prevention and/or treatment of post-operative ileus. The lipid fraction inhibited IL-6 and TNF-? levels in peritoneal lavage fluid, and/or wherein the lipid fraction prevents influx of neutrophils in the intestinal muscularis following intestinal manipulation. The nutritional composition comprises at least a lipid fraction which accounts for 42 to 90%, preferably between 45 and 70% of the total energy of the composition. The lipid fraction preferably contains 8 to 50 wt % of phospholipids.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the use of a lipid fraction and/or a protein fraction for the manufacture of a composition for causing an immediate attenuation of the inflammatory response. The lipid and/or protein stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system centrally or peripherically via the gastrointestinal tract leading to rapid attenuation of the inflammatory response via stimulation of nicotinic receptors by vagal efferents. The lipid fraction preferably contains 6-50 wt. % of phospho-lipids and the protein fraction preferably comprises intact whey or casein or hydrolysed soy protein. Additionally, components such as mono-sodium glutamate or betaine are included to optimise vagal stimulation.