Abstract: In a hands-free, spreader retractor for thoracic or abdominal surgery comprising a frame with parallel, blade-supporting arms movable toward and away from each other by a rack and pinion mechanism, plural blades are supported on the arms by depending pylons which are substantially narrower than the widths of the blades measured in the direction of elongation of the arms, to permit accumulation of fat of an obese patient between adjacent pylons. The lower portions of the pylons are connected to the undersides of the arms by narrow stems which are spaced from the edges of the arms to allow auxiliary instrument supports to slide lengthwise along the arms.

Abstract: An articulating supporting bracket for a surgical tissue stabilizer comprises a series of elements joined to one another by articulating ball-and-socket joints. A flexible cable extends through passages in the elements, and, when tightened, causes the balls and sockets to lock together frictionally. The ball of each joint fits into its socket by an interference fit, whereby the ball and socket of each joint engage one another over an area of contact when the cable is tightened, thereby providing a strong, rigid support for the tissue stabilizer.