Abstract: A structure includes a substrate and a metallized carbon nano-structure extending from a portion of the substrate. In a method of making a metallized carbon nanostructure, at least one carbon structure formed on a substrate is placed in a furnace. A metallic vapor is applied to the carbon nanostructure at a preselected temperature for a preselected period of time so that a metallized nanostructure.

Abstract: Extrusion of a mixture of an ester-substituted diaryl carbonate, such as bis-methyl salicyl carbonate, a dihydroxy aromatic compound such as bisphenol A and a transesterification catalyst such as tetrabutyl phosphonium acetate (TBPA) affords polycarbonate having a weight average molecular weight of greater than 20,000 Daltons. The extruder is equipped with one or more vacuum vents to remove by-product ester-substituted phenol. Similarly, a precursor polycarbonate having ester-substituted phenoxy endgroups, for example methyl salicyl endgroups, when subjected to extrusion affords a polycarbonate having a significantly increased molecular weight relative to the precursor polycarbonate. The reaction to form a higher molecular weight polycarbonate may be catalyzed by residual transesterification catalyst present in the precursor polycarbonate, or by a combination of any residual catalyst and an additional catalyst such as TBPA introduced in the extrusion step.

Abstract: A curable silicone pre-elastomer composition is disclosed comprising ammonium carboxylate, which upon cure yields a silicone elastomer having improved heat age properties and suitability for high or low temperature sealing applications.

Abstract: The present method comprises determination of surface polarity of an inorganic material by measurement of the net heat of inert gas adsorption on the material surface, preferably by measurement of the BET constant C. The analysis is fast and easy to execute, and provides high signal-to-noise ratio. It is applicable to many surfaces, such as those containing silanol groups, regardless of the nature of the hydrophobic groups used in surface treatment of the material.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of steam stripping an inorganic powder by contacting the inorganic powder with a silylating agent to form a silylated mixture which is pneumatically transported and contacted with steam to form a vaporous stream. This vaporous stream is then transported to a separation stage and the volatile materials are separated from the inorganic powder.

Abstract: Inorganic powder, preferably fumed silica, is rendered hydrophobic by treatment with a silylating agent in the presence of a third reagent selected from the group consisting of protonic acids, especially those having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure up to 120.degree. C., preferably formic acid, and linear phosphonitrilic halides, preferably linear phosphonitrilic chlorides.