Abstract: Apparatus (38) for the optical manipulation of a pair of landscape stereoscopic images (L, R), which apparatus (38) comprises: (i) a camera (36) which has its own focus lens (40); (ii) an enclosed housing (4), three ports (6, 8, 10) in the housing (4) with one port being a photographic interface port which forms a photographic interface (12) to the camera (36), and the other two ports being human interface ports which form a human interface (18), said three ports (6, 8, 10) allowing the light to pass from the human interface to the photographic interface (12) for camera recording, or from the photographic interface (12) to the human interface (18) for each eye of the human, in a direction parallel to that of light entering the other said interface without left-right image inversion between the photographic interface (12) and the human interface (18); and (iii) at least four reflective surfaces (20, 22, 24,26) which direct light along three mutually perpendicular axes, each of said surfaces having an edge lyin

Abstract: Apparatus (204) for optical manipulation of a pair of landscape stereoscopic images, such that the side-by-side orientation needed by a pair of human eyes is reoriented to an orientation which is required for recording with a single camera. The apparatus comprises three periscopes (108, 124, 130), two of which are horizontally oriented and one which is vertically oriented. The side-byside view is reoriented to an arrangement with one picture above the other. To achieve this one side view is reflected by one horizontal periscope (108) with first and second reflectors (120, 122) to an upper picture position. The other side view is reflected by the vertical periscope (124) with third and fourth reflectors (126, 128) to a lower position, where another horizontal periscope (130) with fifth and sixth reflectors (132, 134) reflects the other side view of a lower picture position. Thus, the optical axis exit the third periscope (130) below the optical axis exit of the first periscope (108).

Abstract: Apparatus (2) for the optical manipulation of a pair of landscape stereoscopic images, which apparatus (2) comprises a housing (4), and optical re-orientation means (6) positioned in the housing (4) and for re-orienting the pair of landscape stereoscopic images between a first orientation required for human viewing and a second orientation required for recording with a single camera or for reproduction from a single screen.

Abstract: Apparatus (2) for the optical manipulation of a pair of landscape stereoscopic images, which apparatus (2) comprises a housing (4), and optical re-orientation means (6) positioned in the housing (4) and for re-orienting the pair of landscape stereoscopic images between a first orientation required for human viewing and a second orientation required for recording with a single camera or for reproduction from a single screen.