Abstract: A method of detecting a species, strain or type of bacteria includes mixing a labeled bacteriophage including a label that is detectible via a detection system with a bacterial culture including the species, strain or type of bacteria to which the labeled bacteriophage selectively binds and using the detection system to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species, strain or type of bacteria.

Abstract: A method of detecting a species, strain or type of bacteria includes mixing a labeled bacteriophage including a label that is detectible via a detection system with a bacterial culture including the species, strain or type of bacteria to which the labeled bacteriophage selectively binds and using the detection system to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species, strain or type of bacteria.

Abstract: A system for identifying at least one species, strain or type of bacteria in a sample including at least one a labeled bacteriophage which binds selectively to the species, strain or type of bacteria, the at least one labeled bacteriophage comprising a label attached thereto, the system further comprising a detection system adapted to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species of bacteria.

Abstract: A system for identifying at least one species, strain or type of bacteria in a sample including at least one a labeled bacteriophage which binds selectively to the species, strain or type of bacteria, the at least one labeled bacteriophage comprising a label attached thereto, the system further comprising a detection system adapted to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species of bacteria.

Abstract: A method of detecting a species, strain or type of bacteria includes mixing a labeled bacteriophage including a label that is detectible via a detection system with a bacterial culture including the species, strain or type of bacteria to which the labeled bacteriophage selectively binds and using the detection system to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species, strain or type of bacteria.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood plasma includes removing blood from a patient and treating or processing at least blood plasma of the blood by flowing the blood plasma on one side of at least one semi-permeable membrane and flowing a dialysate on the other side of the at least one semi-permeable membrane. The dialysate has a concentration of bicarbonate less than the concentration of bicarbonate in the blood plasma before treating the blood plasma and has a composition such that the blood plasma strong ion difference that results from treating the blood plasma in conjunction with an achieved reduction in blood plasma CO2 concentration results in a blood plasma pH that does not change by more than +/?0.5 during treatment.

Abstract: A method of modifying cells includes removing fluid including cells from a patient, contacting the removed fluid from the patient with at least one surface upon which at least one agent to interact at least one cell receptor is immobilized to modify cells in the fluid, and returning the fluid to the patient. The agent can, for example, be immobilized via covalent bonding or ionic bonding to the at least one surface. The fluid can, for example, be blood or a blood fraction. The agent can, for example, be an agonist, an antagonist or an inverse agonist.

Abstract: A method of detecting a species, strain or type of bacteria includes mixing a labeled bacteriophage including a label that is detectible via a detection system with a bacterial culture including the species, strain or type of bacteria to which the labeled bacteriophage selectively binds and using the detection system to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species, strain or type of bacteria.

Abstract: A method of modifying cells includes removing fluid including cells from a patient, contacting the removed fluid from the patient with at least one surface upon which at least one agent to interact at least one cell receptor is immobilized to modify cells in the fluid, and returning the fluid to the patient. The agent can, for example, be immobilized via covalent bonding or ionic bonding to the at least one surface. The fluid can, for example, be blood or a blood fraction. The agent can, for example, be an agonist, an antagonist or an inverse agonist.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood plasma includes removing blood from a patient and treating or processing at least blood plasma of the blood by flowing the blood plasma on one side of at least one semi-permeable membrane and flowing a dialysate on the other side of the at least one semi-permeable membrane. The dialysate has a concentration of bicarbonate less than the concentration of bicarbonate in the blood plasma before treating the blood plasma and has a composition such that the blood plasma strong ion difference that results from treating the blood plasma in conjunction with an achieved reduction in blood plasma CO2 concentration results in a blood plasma pH that does not change by more than +/?0.5 during treatment.

Abstract: A method of modifying cells includes removing fluid including cells from a patient, contacting the removed fluid from the patient with at least one surface upon which at least one agent to interact at least one cell receptor is immobilized to modify cells in the fluid, and returning the fluid to the patient. The agent can, for example, be immobilized via covalent bonding or ionic bonding to the at least one surface. The fluid can, for example, be blood or a blood fraction. The agent can, for example, be an agonist, an antagonist or an inverse agonist.