Abstract: An apparatus enabling a user to perform a simulated bicycling exercise includes a frame, two mounting points defining an axis, the two mounting points comprising an upper rear mounting point comprising an upper rear rotating joint and a lower front mounting point comprising a pivoting connection arrangement proximate to and interacting with the frame, the pivoting connection arrangement comprising at least one resistive element configured to provide resistive force returning the frame to a neutral centered orientation from an off-centered orientation and pedals associated with a wheel and the frame, the pedals enabling the user, when facing forward, to apply force to the pedals and rotate the wheel. The frame is configured to receive forces from the user and dissipate the forces into frame leaning forces such that the user has an ability to cause the frame to pivot about the two mounting points by leaning to one side.

Abstract: A method of increasing chemical efficiency of chemical additives in a papermaking system includes the steps of providing thick stock pulp comprising soluble lignin, process water, and at least about 2% by weight of cellulosic fiber based on total weight of thick stock pulp, and adding at least one laccase enzyme and at least one organic polymer to the thick stock pulp to reduce the amount of soluble lignin therein. The organic polymer is chosen from cationic polymers, non-ionic polymers and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of increasing chemical efficiency of chemical additives in a papermaking system includes the steps of providing thick stock pulp comprising soluble lignin, process water, and at least about 2% by weight of cellulosic fiber based on total weight of thick stock pulp, and adding at least one laccase enzyme and at least one organic polymer to the thick stock pulp to reduce the amount of soluble lignin therein. The organic polymer is chosen from cationic polymers, non-ionic polymers and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of making paper comprising adding to an aqueous suspension of cellulosic pulp slurry a polymer in the form of an inverse emulsion comprising a cationic poly N,N-(dialkylaminoalkyl) (meth)acrylamide or it's quaternates or salts, and dewatering the cellulose pulp slurry to form a paper or paperboard product, wherein the pulp slurry contains more than about 75 weight ppm of water soluble lignin based upon total pulp slurry weight, and wherein the polymer is added to the pulp slurry at a dosage of 0.001 to 1% by weight based upon cellulose pulp solids, and wherein the polymer optionally contains multi-functional monomer.

Abstract: A method of increasing the drainage performance of a pulp slurry during the manufacture of paper products by adding (a) at least one microfibrillated cellulose and (b) at least one associative polymer or at least one branched or crosslinked copolymer to the pulp slurry. This addition occurs before the dewatering step where the pulp slurry is formed into a fibrous mat.

Abstract: A method of increasing the drainage performance of a pulp slurry during the manufacture of paper products by adding (a) at least one microfibrillated cellulose and (b) at least one associative polymer or at least one branched or crosslinked copolymer to the pulp slurry. This addition occurs before the dewatering step where the pulp slurry is formed into a fibrous mat.

Abstract: A method of treating a cellulosic slurry to improve drainage is disclosed the method comprises adding a PEO to a cellulosic furnish in an amount of from 0.1 to 10 lbs per ton and adding a synthetic polymer to the furnish in an amount of from 0.1 to 10 lbs per ton, allowing the furnish to drain and forming a paper product.

Abstract: A method of improving retention and drainage in a papermaking process is disclosed. The addition of an associative polymer, a poly(vinylamine) and optionally a siliceous material to the papermaking slurry to improve retention and drainage is disclosed. Additionally a method to improve retention and drainage comprising addition of an organic microparticle, a poly(vinylamine) and optionally a siliceous material to the papermaking slurry is disclosed. A composition comprising an associative polymer, and a poly(vinylamine) and optionally further comprising cellulose fiber is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of improving retention and drainage in a papermaking process is disclosed. The addition of an associative polymer, a poly(vinylamine) and optionally a siliceous material to the papermaking slurry to improve retention and drainage is disclosed. Additionally a method to improve retention and drainage comprising addition of an organic microparticle, a poly(vinylamine) and optionally a siliceous material to the papermaking slurry is disclosed. A composition comprising an associative polymer, and a poly(vinylamine) and optionally further comprising cellulose fiber is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention describes polymeric retention and drainage aids for cellulosic fiber compositions and methods of use of the same.

Abstract: A method of modifying starch with metal silicates, and the use of the modified starch in the preparation of cellulosic fiber compositions. The method further relates to cellulosic fiber compositions, such as paper and paperboard, which incorporate the starch modified with metal silicates.

Abstract: A papermaking method and a composition which utilize, as a drainage aid, a water-soluble anionic copolymer prepared via a water-in-oil polymerization technique that, absent a cross-linking agent, is characterized by a Huggins' constant (k?) determined in 0.01M NaCl greater than 0.75 and a storage modulus (G?) for a 1.5 wt. % actives polymer solution at 4.6 Hz greater than 175 Pa.

Abstract: A method to invert an inverse emulsion water compatible polymer product using a combination of surfactants that have specific chemical structures is disclosed. A combination, or blend, of two or more surfactants provides for an effective breaker system. The blend of surfactants is more effective than the individual surfactants.

Abstract: A papermaking method and a composition which utilize, as a drainage aid, a water-soluble anionic copolymer prepared via a water-in-oil polymerization technique that, absent a cross-linking agent, is characterized by a Huggins' constant (k?) determined in 0.01M NaCl greater than 0.75 and a storage modulus (G?) for a 1.5 wt. % actives polymer solution at 4.6 Hz greater than 175 Pa.

Abstract: A papermaking method and a composition which utilize, as a drainage aid, a water-soluble anionic copolymer prepared via a water-in-oil polymerization technique that, absent a cross-linking agent, is characterized by a Huggins' constant (k′) determined in 0.01M NaCl greater than 0.75 and a storage modulus (G′) for a 1.5 wt. % actives polymer solution at 4.6 Hz greater than 175 Pa.

Abstract: A papermaking method and a composition which utilize, as a drainage aid, a water soluble hydrophobically associative polymer which is a copolymer prepared from monomers which include a hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and one or more of a nonionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, a cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and an anionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for increasing the retention on a washing/thickening device in an aqueous papermaking system. The method generally comprises adding to the furnish solids of the system an effective amount of a cationic polyacrylamide polymer.

Abstract: A composition and method for improving the drainage and retention characteristics of a paper furnish consisting of a water soluble graft copolymer and bentonite clay. It is preferred that the graft copolymer be added to the furnish prior to at least one shear stage and that the bentonite clay be added after the shear stage.

Abstract: A method of improving the drainage characteristics of a pulp slurry in a papermaking operation utilizing the sequential steps of adding alum, ionic polyacrylamide and cationic starch. The cationic starch can be added to the slurry prior to or after the primary screen.

Abstract: A composition and method for improving the drainage and retention characteristics of a paper furnish consisting of a water soluble graft copolymer and bentonite clay. It is preferred that the graft copolymer be added to the furnish prior to at least one shear stage and that the bentonite clay be added after the shear stage.