Abstract: A method for estimating a gas concentration of a compound of interest within a process vessel for permitting safe entry into the process vessel comprises: exposing the process vessel to a condensing fluid to dissolve gases therein; collecting liquid comprising the condensing fluid from a location downstream of the process vessel; sealing the liquid in a sample container to yield a condensate sample; measuring and/or calculating properties of a liquid portion and a gas portion of the condensate sample; calculating a process vessel condensate density; determining a thermodynamic equilibrium correction factor; calculating the gas concentration of the compound of interest in the process vessel based on the properties of the condensate sample, a thermodynamic equilibrium correction factor, the process vessel condensate density, and optionally, a safety factor; and determining when the calculated gas concentration of the compound of interest in the process vessel permits safe entry into the process vessel.

Abstract: In a process for upgrading paraffins and olefins, a first feed comprising C14? olefins is contacted with an oligomerization catalyst in a first reaction zone under conditions effective for oligomerization of olefins to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. Deactivated catalyst is removed from the first reaction zone at a first temperature and is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas and a hydrocarbon-containing fuel in a regeneration zone to regenerate the catalyst and raise the temperature of the catalyst to a second, higher temperature. A second feed comprising C14? paraffins is contacted with the regenerated catalyst in a second reaction zone to convert at least some of the paraffins in the second feed to a reaction effluent comprising olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons and regenerated catalyst; and the reaction effluent is supplied to the first reaction zone. A system for performing such a process and a product of such a process are also provided.

Abstract: In a process for upgrading paraffins and olefins, a first feed comprising C14? olefins is contacted with an oligomerization catalyst in a first reaction zone under conditions effective for oligomerization of olefins to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. Deactivated catalyst is removed from the first reaction zone at a first temperature and is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas and a hydrocarbon-containing fuel in a regeneration zone to regenerate the catalyst and raise the temperature of the catalyst to a second, higher temperature. A second feed comprising C14? paraffins is contacted with the regenerated catalyst in a second reaction zone to convert at least some of the paraffins in the second feed to a reaction effluent comprising olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons and regenerated catalyst; and the reaction effluent is supplied to the first reaction zone. A system for performing such a process and a product of such a process are also provided.