Abstract: A socket for driving two different types of fasteners in one embodiment includes a driving portion with an outer surface and a driving bore, a base portion, a plurality of lands extending along the driving bore and configured to drive a first type of fastener, and a cradle positioned within the driving bore and defining a driving surface for a second type of fastener, the driving surface curved within a first plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the socket and curved within a second plane in which the longitudinal axis extends.

Abstract: A socket for driving two different types of fasteners in one embodiment includes a driving portion with an outer surface and a driving bore, a base portion, a plurality of lands extending along the driving bore and configured to drive a first type of fastener, and a cradle positioned within the driving bore and defining a driving surface for a second type of fastener, the driving surface curved within a first plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the socket and curved within a second plane in which the longitudinal axis extends.

Abstract: Provided is a composition which contains a mono- or bis-benzotriazole compound, an N-oxide thereof, or a mixture of at least two of the preceding compounds. Representative bis-benzotriazole compounds include 3,3′-bis-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5,5′-di-tert-octyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-diols. Representative mono-benzotriazole compounds include 3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5,5′-di-tert-octyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-diols. These mono- and bis-benzotriazole compounds are useful as stabilizers of degradable polymers against the degradative action of ultraviolet light. Also provided is a method of making these benzotriazole compounds by oxidative dimerization of the corresponding monomeric benzotriazole or by reductive cyclization of the corresponding azo- compound.

Abstract: 3-Methyl-2-alkylamino-1-halo-1-cyano cyclobutanes are cleaved under acid conditions to form 2-halo-4-formylvaleronitrile and 4-formyl-2-pentenonitrile which can be cyclized to form 2-substituted-5-methylpyridine derivatives. These pyridine derivatives are useful as starting materials in the manufacture of herbicides such as fluazifop-butyl.

Abstract: Oligomeric polyesters and polyamides containing dipiperidyl triazine moieties are effective light stabilizers for synthetic polymers and particularly polyolefins.

Abstract: The difunctional polyfluoroaromatic compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y are identical and are selected from the class consisting of --COOR.sup.1, --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 NCO and ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is --H, alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently are either --H, X or alkyl and n is either 0 or 1 are disclosed. These compounds are derived from those wherein X and Y are --CN which are produced in a solvent specific reaction. The process comprises reacting pentafluorobenzonitrile with a Grignard reagent of the formula CH.sub.3 MgHal, wherein Hal is --Cl or --Br, in the presence of either tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, dimethoxyethane or diglyme. When the solvent employed is tetrahydrofuran, the cyano compound wherein n is 1 is obtained. When the solvent is 1,3-dioxolane, the cyano compound wherein n is 0 is obtained.

Abstract: Novel hindered hydroxyphenyl alkyl isocyanurates are provided which are useful as stabilizers of resins made from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: Tetramethylpiperidyl terminated triazine oligomeric esters and amides having a plurality of tetramethyl piperidyl moieties are useful as polymer additives to impart resistance to degradation when exposed to actinic radiation.

Abstract: Melamine-based compounds having a multiplicity of 2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl piperidine moieties are light stabilizers for organic polymers.

Abstract: Triazine-based compounds having a multiplicity of 2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl piperidine moieties are light and thermal stabilizers for organic polymers.

Abstract: The difunctional polyfluoroaromatic compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y are identical and are selected from the class consisting of --COOR.sup.1, --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 NCO and ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is --H, alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently are either --H, X or alkyl and n is either 0 or 1 are disclosed. These compounds are derived from those wherein X and Y are --CN which are produced in a solvent specific reaction. The process comprises reacting pentafluorobenzonitrile with a Grignard reagent of the formula CH.sub.3 MgHal, wherein Hal is --Cl or --Br, in the presence of either tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, dimethoxyethane or diglyme. When the solvent employed is tetrahydrofuran, the cyano compound wherein n is 1 is obtained. When the solvent is 1,3-dioxolane, the cyano compound wherein n is 0 is obtained.

Abstract: Acetal esters and amides possessing the polyalkyl piperidin-4-yl moiety are useful light stabilizers with synthetic polymer resins such as polyolefins and, in particular, polypropylene.

Abstract: Novel hindered hydroxyphenyl alkyl isocyanurates are provided which are useful as stabilizers of resins made from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: Monomeric and oligomeric derivatives of the dialkyl esters of polyalkyl 1,5-dioxa-9-azaspiro-[5.5]undecane-3,3-diacetic acid are useful light stabilizers for synthetic polymer resins such as polyolefins, and in particular, polypropylene.

Abstract: A noncrystalline 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane having an amorphous X-ray defraction pattern and a melt transition temperature of 113.degree.-119.degree. C. is made by an improved process and offers improvements over crystalline materials as a stabilizer of resins made from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as polypropylene.

Abstract: A method of preparing certain 2-halo-5-methylpyridines, useful as herbicide intermediates, is presented starting from acyclic pentenes. The pentene is difunctionalized, e.g., by making the epoxide, and is then reacted with a nitrogen source to close the ring. The nitrogen-containing 6-membered heterocycle may then be aromatized readily to produce the 2-halo-5-methylpyridine desired. Also part of the invention are novel acyclic and cyclic intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: The difunctional polyfluoroaromatic compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y are identical and are selected from the class consisting of --COOR.sup.1, --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 NCO and ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is --H, alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently are either --H, X or alkyl and n is either 0 or 1 are disclosed. These compounds are derived from those wherein X and Y are --CN which are produced in a solvent specific reaction. The process comprises reacting pentafluorobenzonitrile with a Grignard reagent of the formula CH.sub.3 MgHal, wherein Hal is --Cl or --Br, in the presence of either tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, dimethoxyethane or diglyme. When the solvent employed is tetrahydrofuran, the cyano compound wherein n is 1 is obtained. When the solvent is 1,3-dioxolane, the cyano compound wherein n is 0 is obtained.

Abstract: A process of recycling nitrated by-products formed during the manufacture of the compound of the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof wherein J is ##STR2## and further wherein: R.sup.1 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine or a trifluoromethyl group;R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom or a trifluoromethyl group;R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a cyano group or a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine group; X is ##STR3## R.sup.4 is R.sup.5 or an acyl radical of the formula ##STR4## wherein Alk is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group; R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group optionally substituted with either one or more halogen atoms or a phenyl group;B is a C.sub.1-10 alkyl, OR.sup.7 or SR.sup.7 ;y is 1 to 4;R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-2 alkyl group;R.sup.7 is hydrogen, or a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, a C.sub.

Abstract: 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine is prepared from acetone and ammonia in the presence of catalytic amounts of active halogen compounds selected from sulfonylhalides, sulfurylhalides, N-haloamides, N-haloimides, .beta.-haloesters, .alpha.-haloketones, .alpha.-halohydroxy compounds, and .beta.-halonitriles.

Abstract: Malonate-based spiroacetals of polyalkylpiperidin-4-ones are useful light stabilizers for synthetic polymer resins such as polyolefins, and in particular, polypropylene.