Abstract: An apparatus, method and system electrostatically guide ionized droplets of a material in chemical or biological array fabrication. The apparatus comprises a plurality of deposition sites and an area surrounding the plurality of sites on a surface of a substrate. An electrostatic charge differential is generated on the apparatus between a selected set of deposition sites and the surrounding area remaining around the selected set. In some embodiments, the substrate comprises a photoconductive layer overlying a conductive layer. In other embodiments, the substrate comprises circuit paths interconnecting to electrode pads defined in the substrate. The electrode pads correspond to the plurality of deposition sites. The substrate may further comprise a membrane sheet that supports the deposition sites. The method further comprises exposing the array to the ionized droplets after the electrostatic charge differential is generated. The apparatus provides an electrostatically changeable deposition mask.

Abstract: Users of the Personal Interlocking Toilet Seat Handle with Related Improved Sanitary Toilet Seat enjoy a personal, private solution to health concerns arising from exposure to common restroom contaminants such as urine, fecal matter, germs, bacteria and other harmful microorganisms. Businesses can replace existing toilet seats with the device, affording the restroom user a convenient means of avoiding contaminated seat surfaces. Consumer's who use the handle are afforded a convenient, economical manner to manipulate any toilet which is equipped with the Seat. The handle is unobtrusive, lightweight, affordable, and personal to the user. The user can easily clean, disinfect, or sterilize the handle between uses to reduce disease borne from contaminants.