Abstract: Plants use nitrogen as one of the essential elements required in their metabolism. Although the atmosphere is composed predominantly of molecular nitrogen, plants cannot break these nitrogen molecules into the elemental nitrogen required by the plants. In nature, bacteria “fix” the nitrogen in the atmosphere by using it to produce ammonia, which can be metabolized by plants. Nitrogen can also be introduced to the plants artificially, using natural or artificial fertilizer or even by direct injection of nitrogen into the soil. In all these cases, nitrogen is delivered to the plant via its roots. The present invention delivers instead ammonia to the leaves of the plants through foliar spraying by infusing water used in foliar spraying with ammonia. This is more efficient than delivery through roots of the plant, and greatly reduces the problem of fertilizer run-off.

Abstract: As part of the natural biological process, plants produce various metabolites. The amount of certain metabolites produced is important, especially during the growth phase of plants to be harvested in whole or in part. The production of metabolites is affected by the chemical environment within the plant, including the amount of CO2 and O2. The production of metabolites of interest can be controlled by measuring the amount of the metabolites being produced by the plant, and then adjusting the amount of CO2 and O2 available to the plant. These are adjusted by adjusting the amount of CO2 in water delivered to the leaves of the plant through foliar spraying and the amount of O2 in water delivered to the roots of the plant.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides fluids, such as a distilled spirit, comprising at least about 25 ppm of an infused gas. Systems and methods for producing such gas-infused fluids are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides fluids, such as a distilled spirit, comprising at least about 25 ppm of an infused gas. Systems and methods for producing such gas-infused fluids are also provided.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for repeatedly connecting a precision instrument to a support frame in an identical position relating to the support frame. The apparatus particularly relates to an improved kinematic restraint for removable equipment.