Abstract: Pinhole glasses which can be used to assist people with low to moderate myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, are invented. The present invention can be used for glasses which function as progressive glasses, distance glasses, computer glasses, reading glasses, and when tinted, sunglasses. The present invention provides the best balance of visual acuity, brightness and visual field with emphasis on acuity, through the system of axes and the pinholes in multiple sizes along the axes which are clinically and empirically proven to be effective. Especially, the placement of pinholes along the axes has clinically and empirically been determined depending on the seriousness of the astigmatism of the users in correcting the astigmatic refractive errors. The size, number, spacing, pattern, and axes of the pinhole apertures have been optimized through optical theories and extensive clinical and empirical testing.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for use in manufacturing a fibrous preform with a narrow channel flange includes a foraminous preform screen (12), a fiber nozzle (28) that blows a stream of chopped fibers onto the screen (12) and binder nozzles (32) that spray binder into the fiber stream. Air blown from air nozzles (30) helps guide the fibers and a ducted fan (26) helps draw and hold them onto the screen (12). The screen (12) is formed with a narrow channel flange (16) having a shape identical to the narrow channel flange of the fibrous preform to be manufactured. The screen's flange (16) has a channel floor (36) extending laterally outward from the screen's main body (14) and a channel outer wall (38) projecting perpendicularly away from the channel floor (36) toward the fiber nozzle (28). A hinge (40) connects the channel floor (36) to the channel outer wall (38). To allow the nozzles to deposit a more uniform layer (42) of fibers, the outer wall (38) is rotated outward to lie parallel with the channel floor (36).