Abstract: An authentication method, comprising: obtaining a string; receiving an audio signal; performing speech recognition on the audio signal to extract text; and performing authentication of a user, the authentication comprising: comparing the extracted text and the string; and performing voice authentication of the user based on the audio signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing nanostructured paper or board and a novel paper or board. The method comprises providing a liquid suspension of nanocellulose-containing material, forming a web from the suspension, and drying the web in order to form paper or board. According to the invention the water content of the suspension from which the web is formed is 50% or less by weight of liquids. By means of the invention, energy consumption of paper manufacturing can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing nanostructured paper or board and a novel paper or board. The method comprises providing a liquid suspension of nanocellulose-containing material, forming a web from the suspension, and drying the web in order to form paper or board. According to the invention the water content of the suspension from which the web is formed is 50% or less by weight of liquids. By means of the invention, energy consumption of paper manufacturing can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing nanostructured paper or board and a novel paper or board. The method comprises providing a liquid suspension of nanocellulose-containing material, forming a web from the suspension and drying the web in order to form paper or board. According to the invention, the water content of the suspension at the time of beginning of the drying is 50% or less by weight of liquids so as to form a paper or board having an average pore size between 200 and 400 nm. By means of the invention, very opaque paper, for example for printing applications, can be manufactured with low energy consumption.

Abstract: A plurality of individual shape memory alloy (SMA) wires are formed into a SMA bundle to increase force output therefrom. The SMA bundle has a parent shape and a deformed shape. The SMA bundle in the deformed shape resumes its parent shape once the SMA bundle is heated to generate increased force output. The SMA wires can be configured into strands, ropes, arrays or other shapes. The SMA material is also used in a variety of actuators for generating substantially continuous motion.