Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide a self-contained subframe structure for time division duplex (TDD) carriers. Information transmitted on a TDD carrier may be grouped into subframes, and each subframe can provide communications in both directions (e.g., uplink and downlink) to enable such communications without needing further information in another subframe. In one aspect of the disclosure, a single subframe may include scheduling information, data transmission corresponding to the scheduling information, and acknowledgment packets corresponding to the data transmission. Furthermore, the subframe may additionally include a header and/or a trailer to provide certain bi-directional communications functions.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are disclosed to enhance the efficiency of available bandwidth between UEs and base stations. A UE transmits a sounding reference signal (SRS) to the base station. The base station characterizes the uplink channel based on the SRS received and, using reciprocity, applies the channel characterization for the downlink channel. As part of applying the channel information, the base station forms the beam to the UE based on the uplink channel information obtained from the SRS. The UE may include an array of antennas, each UE transmitting a different SRS that the base station receives and uses to characterize the downlink. Multiple UEs (or a single UE with multiple antennas) transmit SRS at the same time and frequency allocation (non-orthogonal), but with each sending its own unique SRS. Further, multiple UEs (or a single UE with multiple antennas) may send their SRS at unique time/frequency allocations (orthogonal).

Abstract: The invention provides a bi stage wave energy converter. The energy converter includes a base having a vertical surface, a first energy acquisition arrangement and a second energy acquisition arrangement coupled to the first energy acquisition arrangement. The first energy acquisition arrangement includes a first partially resilient surface, the first partially resilient surface being mounted to the vertical surface of the base and a second partially resilient surface hinge mounted to the first partially resilient surface. The first partially resilient surface and the second partially resilient surface are connected by at least one third partially resilient surface to create a space for releasably holding a pre-determined volume of the water disposed of by an incoming wave. An energy conversion arrangement is coupled to the first energy acquisition arrangement and the second energy acquisition arrangement.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for obtaining sample specific signatures. The method comprises of irradiating the sample at a predefined location with an electromagnetic radiation of specific wavelength; selectively capturing a certain component of the scattered electromagnetic radiation to obtain a plurality of profiles; and filtering the profiles to obtain a sample specific signature. The invention provides an apparatus for obtaining sample specific signatures.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for detection of hazardous chemicals in a non-metallic container. The method comprises of irradiating the sample at a predefined location with an electromagnetic radiation of specific wavelength; selectively capturing a certain component of the scattered electromagnetic radiation to obtain a plurality of profiles; and filtering the profiles to obtain a signature specific to at least one hazardous chemical present in the container. The invention provides a system for obtaining a signature specific to the hazardous chemicals in the container.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for detection of hazardous chemicals in a non-metallic container. The method comprises of irradiating the sample at a predefined location with an electromagnetic radiation of specific wavelength; selectively capturing a certain component of the scattered electromagnetic radiation to obtain a plurality of profiles; and filtering the profiles to obtain a signature specific to at least one hazardous chemical present in the container. The invention provides a system for obtaining a signature specific to the hazardous chemicals in the container.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for obtaining sample specific signatures. The method comprises of irradiating the sample at a predefined location with an electromagnetic radiation of specific wavelength; selectively capturing a certain component of the scattered electromagnetic radiation to obtain a plurality of profiles; and filtering the profiles to obtain a sample specific signature. The invention provides an apparatus for obtaining sample specific signatures.