Abstract: Methods and systems are described for reducing particulate contaminants on a clamping face of a clamping structure in a lithographic system. A substrate such as a cleaning reticle is pressed against the clamping face. A temperature differential is established between the substrate and the clamping face either before or after clamping occurs to facilitate transfer of particles from the clamping face to the substrate.

Abstract: A pressurized media vessel system for water treatment is disclosed. The vessel can contain either granular activated carbon (GAC) or ion exchange (IX) resin. The system includes a flanged inlet to introduce process water to the vessel for treatment. The flanged inlet is configured to interchangeably attach to different distributors depending on a desired mode of operation. The vessel may be filled with a GAC bed in a first mode of operation and may be filled with an IX resin media bed in a second mode of operation.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for reducing particulate contaminants on a clamping face of a clamping structure in a lithographic system. A substrate such as a cleaning reticle is pressed against the clamping face. A temperature differential is established between the substrate and the clamping face either before or after clamping occurs to facilitate transfer of particles from the clamping face to the substrate.

Abstract: An alignment mark for determining a two-dimensional alignment position of a substrate is discussed. The alignment mark includes an array of patterns. The array of patterns includes a first set of patterns and a second set of patterns arranged. The first set of patterns is arranged in a first sequence along a first direction. The second set of patterns is arranged in a second sequence along the first direction. The second sequence is different from the first sequence. Each pattern of the array of patterns is different from other patterns of the array of patterns that are adjacent to the each pattern.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a surface is provided. The method includes providing a cleaning head, a housing, a pump, the pump having a port, the cleaning head having a nozzle, the cleaning head and housing being connected to one another. A cleaning element is attached with a first opening to the cleaning head so that the nozzle and the first opening are aligned. A refillable rigid container is provided having a cleaning fluid in the refillable rigid container. The port and the refillable rigid container are connected to form an air and fluid tight connection between the port and the container. The cleaning element is placed on a surface to be cleaned. The cleaning fluid is pumped from the refillable rigid container through the nozzle and the first opening onto the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: An alignment mark for determining a two-dimensional alignment position of a substrate is discussed. The alignment mark includes an array of patterns. The array of patterns includes a first set of patterns and a second set of patterns arranged. The first set of patterns is arranged in a first sequence along a first direction. The second set of patterns is arranged in a second sequence along the first direction. The second sequence is different from the first sequence. Each pattern of the array of patterns is different from other patterns of the array of patterns that are adjacent to the each pattern.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a surface, comprising: providing a cleaning head, a housing, and a pump, the pump having a port, the cleaning head having a nozzle, and the cleaning head and housing being connected to one another; attaching a cleaning element with a first opening to the cleaning head so that the nozzle and the first opening are in registration; providing a flexible pouch having a cleaning fluid therein; connecting the port and the flexible pouch to form an air and fluid tight connection between the port and the flexible pouch; placing the cleaning element on a surface to be cleaned; and pumping, via the pump, the cleaning fluid from the flexible pouch through the nozzle and the first opening onto the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a cleaning element, a cleaning head, a housing, an electric pump, a battery, a container of cleaning fluid, an activation button, and a spray nozzle. The cleaning element and the cleaning head have spray openings that are in registration with one another. The container forms a fluid and air tight connection with the pump. The activation button places the pump and the battery in electrical communication. The spray nozzle forms a fluid tight and air tight connection with the pump so that the pump is configured to spray fluid from the container through the first and second spray openings onto a surface to be cleaned. The cleaning head, the cleaning element, and the spray nozzle define a cavity that traps spray from the spray nozzle between the cleaning device and the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a cleaning element, a cleaning head, a housing, an electric pump, a battery, a container of cleaning fluid, an activation button, and a spray nozzle. The cleaning element and the cleaning head have spray openings that are in registration with one another. The container forms a fluid and air tight connection with the pump. The activation button places the pump and the battery in electrical communication. The spray nozzle forms a fluid tight and air tight connection with the pump so that the pump is configured to spray fluid from the container through the first and second spray openings onto a surface to be cleaned. The cleaning head, the cleaning element, and the spray nozzle define a cavity that traps spray from the spray nozzle between the cleaning device and the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a housing, a cleaning head, a flexible pouch, a cleaning element, and a nozzle. The housing defines an internal cavity having a power source in selective electrical communication with a pump. The flexible pouch is removably stored in the housing and includes a cleaning fluid therein. The pouch forms a fluid and air tight connection with an inlet of the pump. The cleaning element is connected to the cleaning head and has a first opening. The nozzle is in fluid communication with an outlet of the pump. The nozzle is positioned on the cleaning head so as to release the cleaning fluid from the flexible pouch through the first opening onto a surface being cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a cleaning element, a cleaning head, a housing, an electric pump, a battery, a container of cleaning fluid, an activation button, and a spray nozzle. The cleaning element and the cleaning head have spray openings that are in registration with one another. The container forms a fluid and air tight connection with the pump. The activation button places the pump and the battery in electrical communication. The spray nozzle forms a fluid tight and air tight connection with the pump so that the pump is configured to spray fluid from the container through the first and second spray openings onto a surface to be cleaned. The cleaning head, the cleaning element, and the spray nozzle define a cavity that traps spray from the spray nozzle between the cleaning device and the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a housing, a cleaning head, a flexible pouch, a cleaning element, and a spray nozzle. The housing defines an internal cavity having a power source in selective electrical communication with a pump. The flexible pouch is removably stored in the housing and includes a cleaning fluid therein. The pouch forms a fluid and air tight connection with an inlet of the pump. The cleaning element is connected to the cleaning head and has a first spray opening. The spray nozzle is in fluid communication with an outlet of the pump. The spray nozzle is positioned on the cleaning head so as to spray the cleaning fluid from the flexible pouch through the first opening onto a surface being cleaned.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided that includes a housing, a cleaning head, a flexible pouch, a cleaning element, and a spray nozzle. The housing defines an internal cavity having a power source in selective electrical communication with a pump. The flexible pouch is removably stored in the housing and includes a cleaning fluid therein. The pouch forms a fluid and air tight connection with an inlet of the pump. The cleaning element is connected to the cleaning head and has a first spray opening. The spray nozzle is in fluid communication with an outlet of the pump. The spray nozzle is positioned on the cleaning head so as to spray the cleaning fluid from the flexible pouch through the first opening onto a surface being cleaned.

Abstract: A method and system for automatically creating and recommending a set of optimal rules based on a desired print criterion. A print governance application can be configured with respect to a rendering server to analyze one or more rendering jobs submitted within a specified time period by considering each rendering job attributes in order to collect a rendering data. A desired print criterion can be entered by an administrator in order to manage the rendering job behavior. The collected rendering data can be analyzed to dynamically create the set of optimal rules by a rules engine in order to achieve a desired level of reduction with respect to each user based on the desired print criterion. The rules can be accepted by default and/or presented to the user for acceptance with an equated level of reduction.

Abstract: An exemplary method or device determines which print drivers are being used within a printing environment. The method or device identifies a plurality of print queues. Each of the print queues is associated with one of the print drivers. The method or device submits a plurality of test documents to each of the print queues to produce a plurality of page description language (PDL) files. The method or device identifies print drivers that produce different types of PDL files as being non-compatible. If corresponding PDL files produced by different ones of the print drivers in response to the test documents contain all identical header commands (in any order) the method or device identifies the different ones of the print drivers as being compatible. If corresponding PDL files produced by different ones of the print drivers in response to the test documents do not contain all identical header commands, the method or device identifies the different ones of the print drivers as being non-compatible.

Abstract: A method and system for automatically creating and recommending a set of optimal rules based on a desired print criterion. A print governance application can be configured with respect to a rendering server to analyze one or more rendering jobs submitted within a specified time period by considering each rendering job attributes in order to collect a rendering data. A desired print criterion can be entered by an administrator in order to manage the rendering job behavior. The collected rendering data can be analyzed to dynamically create the set of optimal rules by a rules engine in order to achieve a desired level of reduction with respect to each user based on the desired print criterion. The rules can be accepted by default and/or presented to the user for acceptance with an equated level of reduction. Such an approach provides the best fit rule to automatically reduce print output costs and lower paper wastage.

Abstract: An exemplary method or device determines which print drivers are being used within a printing environment. The method or device identifies a plurality of print queues. Each of the print queues is associated with one of the print drivers. The method or device submits a plurality of test documents to each of the print queues to produce a plurality of page description language (PDL) files. The method or device identifies print drivers that produce different types of PDL files as being non-compatible. If corresponding PDL files produced by different ones of the print drivers in response to the test documents contain all identical header commands (in any order) the method or device identifies the different ones of the print drivers as being compatible. If corresponding PDL files produced by different ones of the print drivers in response to the test documents do not contain all identical header commands, the method or device identifies the different ones of the print drivers as being non-compatible.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which bind VLA-4. Certain of these compounds also inhibit leukocyte adhesion and, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Such compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in a mammalian patient, e.g., human, such as asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis and myocardial ischemia. The compounds can also be administered for the treatment of inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: An improved device and method for providing increased latitude of paper handling tires includes at least three elastomeric materials mounted on a shaft and divided into three or more torus-shaped sections of varied width. Combinations of EPDM, Silicone and Isoprene are examples of materials that can be used to make the paper handling tires.