Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for terminating flexible pipe body. The apparatus comprises an end fitting core portion (330), an end fitting termination portion (310) and a spacer ring member (335) locatable between the core portion (330) and the termination portion (310) for maintaining a whole anterior end surface of the core portion (330) and an opposed whole posterior end surface of the termination portion (310) in a spaced apart relationship.

Abstract: A pipeline apparatus comprising a pipe body. The pipe body includes an annular cavity between annular innermost and outermost fluid impermeable barrier layers. The pipe body further includes a plurality of armour wires which extend along at least part of the length of the pipe body in the annular cavity. The plurality of armour wires include a first armour wire which is electrically isolated from the other armour wires along at least part of the length of the armour wires. The pipe body also includes a measurement device which is arranged to electrically couple to the first armour wire at a first end of the pipe body. The measurement device is arranged to measure the electrical impedance of the first armour wire, wherein variation of the electrical impedance of the first armour wire is indicative of a defect of the first armour wire.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for re-terminating an end of a flexible pipe. The method comprises removing at least one original end fitting component (310, 335) from a multicomponent end fitting, secured to flexible pipe body at an end of a flexible pipe, leaving a retained portion (330, 360) of the end fitting in situ and subsequently securing at least one superseding end fitting component (310, 335) to the retained portion thereby providing a new fluid tight seal against a fluid retaining layer of the flexible pipe at a new sealing location axially displaced from an original sealing location.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for terminating flexible pipe body. The apparatus comprises an end fitting core portion, an end fitting termination portion and a spacer ring member locatable between the core portion and the termination portion for maintaining a whole anterior end surface of the core portion and an opposed whole posterior end surface of the termination portion in a spaced apart relationship.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for determining a bending radius of a flexible pipe. The apparatus includes at least one bend sensor element comprising an elongate flexible substrate and at least one bend sensitive element on the substrate that has at least one electrical characteristic that is responsive to angular displacement of the substrate. The apparatus also comprises a flexible crush resistant elongate housing that supports and surrounds the bend sensor element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a fiber element are disclosed. The method includes the steps of opening a first control valve element (355) at a proximate end region of a first lumen (310) that extends along a flexible pipe (100), opening a first vent valve element (400) at a remote end region of a second lumen (320) that extends along the flexible pipe (100), providing a new fiber element along the second lumen (320) via an opening (350) at a proximate end region of the second lumen (320) and closing the first vent valve element (382) and the first control valve element (355).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for re-terminating an end of a flexible pipe. The method comprises removing at least one original end fitting component (310, 335) from a multicomponent end fitting, secured to flexible pipe body at an end of a flexible pipe, leaving a retained portion (330, 360) of the end fitting in situ and subsequently securing at least one superseding end fitting component (310, 335) to the retained portion thereby providing a new fluid tight seal against a fluid retaining layer of the flexible pipe at a new sealing location axially displaced from an original sealing location.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for terminating flexible pipe body. The apparatus comprises an end fitting core portion (330), an end fitting termination portion (310) and a spacer ring member (335) locatable between the core portion (330) and the termination portion (310) for maintaining a whole anterior end surface of the core portion (330) and an opposed whole posterior end surface of the termination portion (310) in a spaced apart relationship.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for determining a bending radius of a flexible pipe. The apparatus includes at least one bend sensor element comprising an elongate flexible substrate and at least one bend sensitive element on the substrate that has at least one electrical characteristic that is responsive to angular displacement of the substrate. The apparatus also comprises a flexible crush resistant elongate housing that supports and surrounds the bend sensor element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a fibre element are disclosed. The method includes the steps of opening a first control valve element (355) at a proximate end region of a first lumen (310) that extends along a flexible pipe (100), opening a first vent valve element (382) at a remote end region of a second lumen (320) that extends along the flexible pipe (100), providing a new fibre element along the second lumen (320) via an opening (350) at a proximate end region of the second lumen (320) and closing the first vent valve element (382) and the first control valve element (355).

Abstract: A pipe is described having a wall defining a bore, the wall is formed from at least two layers comprising: a structural core layer; an outer layer which is statically dissipative; and wherein the outer layer is also fire retardant.

Abstract: A snow shovel has a blade ending in a front leading cutting edge of wedge cross section. Rear vanes having coplanar bottom surfaces aligned with the cutting edge, terminate in a rounded trailing edge parallel to the leading edge. The blade leading edge can pivot upward about the trailing edge allowing the leading edge to clear irregular ground. The rear vanes cut through the snow to the ground surface, allowing minimal clearance by the leading edge and close snow removal.

Abstract: A refrigeration system for an ethylene plant uses a low pressure demethanizer and a binary refrigerant comprising a mixture of methane and ethylene or methane and ethane. The refrigeration composition may be constant throughout the system or separators may be used to divide the refrigerant into a methane-rich binary refrigerant and an ethylene- or ethane-rich binary refrigerant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a highly efficient process for producing distillate fuels using a multi-bed hydrogenation reactor. The temperature of the feed to the second and subsequent reactor beds is controlled by removing effluent from the prior bed, cooling the effluent in an external heat exchanger, injecting hydrogen gas into the effluent mixture, and inserting the cooled mixture containing hydrogen gas into the inlet of the next reaction zone.

Abstract: A base member has an elongate bore, a base end, a distal end, an elongate inner sleeve extending from the base end to the distal end, a generally frusto-conical outer surface having a larger diameter adjacent to the base end and a reduced diameter at the distal end, and a radially extending flange attached to the base end of the inner sleeve. The outer surface of the inner sleeve has axially spaced protrusions positioned along its length. An outer sleeve extends around the inner sleeve, has an annular base portion positioned axially adjacent to the flange, and a plurality of finger portions attached to the base portion and distributed in mutually opposing relationship circumferentially about the inner sleeve and extending from adjacent to the base end of the inner sleeve to the distal end of the inner sleeve. The finger portions are movable radially relative to the inner sleeve and have frusto-conical inner surfaces generally conforming to the outer surface of the inner sleeve.