Abstract: A silicon-based quantum device for confining charge carriers is provided.

Abstract: An orthodontic appliance may include an outer shell having a plurality of cavities shaped to receive the patient's teeth and generate one or more of a force or a torque in response to the appliance being worn on the patient's teeth. The orthodontic appliance may also include an inner structure having a stiffness different than a stiffness of the outer shell. The inner structure can be positioned on an inner surface of the outer shell in order to distribute the one or more of a force or a torque to at least one tooth received within the plurality of cavities.

Abstract: Appliances for orthodontic treatment are provided. In some embodiments, an orthodontic appliance includes a shell having a plurality of teeth-receiving cavities shaped to reposition a patient’s teeth from a first arrangement toward a second arrangement. The shell can have a first elasticity. The appliance can include an attachment-receiving well formed in the shell. The attachment-receiving well can be configured to engage an attachment coupled to a tooth of the patient. The appliance can further include at least one tactile object coupled to the attachment-receiving well. The at least one tactile object can include an elongate body that extends toward the attachment when the shell is worn on the patient’s teeth. The at least one tactile object can have a second elasticity greater than the first elasticity.

Abstract: A method includes to receive, via a computing device, data representing a plurality of teeth, identify data indicating which of the plurality of teeth are unerupted or erupting, predict at least one characteristic of a tooth of the unerupted or erupting teeth after they have fully erupted using one or more tooth eruption prediction factors, generate new data representing the unerupted or erupting teeth in multiple states of eruption based upon the predicted at least one characteristic of the fully erupted teeth, and generate a series of incremental tooth arrangements with the new data to define a proposed orthodontic treatment based on the new data representing the unerupted or erupting teeth in multiple states of eruption.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus's for improving orthodontic treatments. In an embodiment, an orthodontic system including a tactile object is provided for modulating an engagement between a tooth attachment and an orthodontic appliance.

Abstract: Polymeric shell appliances are provided in which the polymeric shell appliances are configured to provide one or more activation forces to facilitate tooth movement. In many embodiments, the activation forces are arranged to provide force in a direction opposite to an intended direction of tooth movement. The polymeric shell appliances may comprise one or more tooth receiving cavities, in which each of the plurality of tooth receiving cavities is shaped and arranged to provide a counter moment of each of the plurality of teeth.

Abstract: Sectional fire protection systems and methods for the protection of an attic space are provided. A fluid control thermal detection device is located above a ceiling base and one or more open fluid distribution devices are disposed, spaced and connected to the fluid control thermal detection device for receipt of firefighting fluid from the fluid control thermal detection device to protect the attic space with a desired fluid density and total system flow demand.

Abstract: Orthodontic systems and related methods are disclosed for designing and providing improved or more effective tooth moving systems for eliciting a desired tooth movement and/or repositioning teeth into a desired arrangement. Methods and orthodontic systems include the generation of an overcorrection in the tooth-receiving cavities of an appliance worn in the dentition. The overcorrection may provide an improved and more accurately applied force or moment applied to a tooth. The overcorrected force or moment can move a tooth closer to a desired position than if not overcorrected as sufficient force can still applied to the tooth as it gets closer to the desired position. The overcorrected force or moment may also better target the root of the tooth where the biological response to tooth movement occurs. The overcorrection may be calculated in various ways as described herein.

Abstract: A series of appliances including a first shell and a second shell can be designed to incrementally implement a treatment plan. The first and second shells can have cavities designed to receive teeth of a jaw. A first number of bite adjustment structures can be formed of a same material as the first shell, extending therefrom and designed to interface with teeth of a second jaw. The first number of bite adjustment structures can have a first shape and location specific to a first stage of the treatment plan. A second number of bite adjustment structures can be formed of a same material as the second shell, extending therefrom and designed to interface with teeth of the second jaw. The second number of bite adjustment structures can have a second shape and location, different than the first shape and location, specific to a second stage of the treatment plan.

Abstract: A method of trajectory optimization for radiotherapy treatment includes providing a patient model having one or more regions of interest (ROIs), defining a delivery coordinate space (DCS), for each ROI, solving an adjoint transport to obtain an adjoint solution field from the ROI, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating an adjoint photon fluence by performing ray tracing of the adjoint solution field, evaluating a dose of the ROI using the adjoint photon fluence, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating a respective beam's eye view (BEV) score of each pixel of a BEV plane using the doses of the one or more ROIs, determining one or more BEV regions in the BEV plane based on the BEV scores, determining a BEV region connectivity manifold based on the BEV regions, and determining one or more optimal treatment trajectories based on the BEV region connectivity manifold.

Abstract: Processor elements are described herein. A processor element comprises a silicon layer. The processor element further comprises one or more conductive electrodes. The processor element further comprises dielectric material having a non-uniform thickness, the dielectric material disposed at least between the silicon layer and the one or more conductive electrodes. In use, when a bias potential is applied to one or more of the conductive electrodes, the positioning of the one or more conductive electrodes and the non-uniform thickness of the dielectric material together define an electric field profile to induce a quantum dot at an interface between the silicon layer and the dielectric layer. Methods are also described herein.

Abstract: Improved systems, methods, and devices for treating sleep apnea are provided herein. In one aspect, an intraoral appliance for treating sleep apnea in a patient comprises an appliance shell comprising a plurality of cavities shaped to receive teeth of a jaw of the patient. The appliance shell can comprise an advancement structure arranged to interact with an opposing jaw of the patient so as to displace the lower jaw anteriorly relative to the upper jaw. The plurality of cavities can comprise cavity geometries shaped to reduce repositioning of one or more received teeth elicited by displacement of the lower jaw anteriorly relative to the upper jaw.

Abstract: A method of trajectory optimization for radiotherapy treatment includes providing a patient model having one or more regions of interest (ROIs), defining a delivery coordinate space (DCS), for each ROI, solving an adjoint transport to obtain an adjoint solution field from the ROI, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating an adjoint photon fluence by performing ray tracing of the adjoint solution field, evaluating a dose of the ROI using the adjoint photon fluence, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating a respective beam's eye view (BEV) score of each pixel of a BEV plane using the doses of the one or more ROIs, determining one or more BEV regions in the BEV plane based on the BEV scores, determining a BEV region connectivity manifold based on the BEV regions, and determining one or more optimal treatment trajectories based on the BEV region connectivity manifold.

Abstract: Processor elements are disclosed herein. A processor element comprises a silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a dielectric layer disposed upon and forming an interface with the silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a conductive via in contact with the dielectric layer, the conductive via comprising a metallic portion having an interface end closest to the dielectric layer and a distal end. A cross-sectional area of the interface end of the metallic portion of the conductive via is less than or equal to 100 nm by 100 nm. In use, the application of a bias potential to the distal end of the conductive via induces a quantum dot at the interface between the dielectric layer and the silicon layer, the quantum dot for confining one or more electrons or holes in the silicon layer. Methods are also described herein.

Abstract: Improved systems, methods, and devices for treating sleep apnea are provided herein. In one aspect, an intraoral appliance for treating sleep apnea in a patient comprises an appliance shell comprising a plurality of cavities shaped to receive teeth of a jaw of the patient. The appliance shell can comprise an advancement structure arranged to interact with an opposing jaw of the patient so as to displace the lower jaw anteriorly relative to the upper jaw. The plurality of cavities can comprise cavity geometries shaped to reduce repositioning of one or more received teeth elicited by displacement of the lower jaw anteriorly relative to the upper jaw.

Abstract: A set of primer appliances and a set of treatment appliances to be worn by a subject are provided. The primer appliances are first worn to prepare the local environment of the teeth for further repositioning of the teeth by the treatment appliances. The primer appliances may apply compression to the periodontal ligament, in a direction favorable for achieving the desired final position of a tooth. The compression may generate a biological response in the local environment of the teeth. The primer appliances may cause minimal or no repositioning of the teeth. The treatment appliances are worn to reposition the teeth from an initial position to an end position of a treatment stage. The primer appliances can improve the efficiency and accuracy of tooth movement by the treatment appliances.

Abstract: A device for quantum information processing is disclosed herein. According to examples, the device comprises a first plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers for use as data qudits. The device further comprises a second plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers for use as ancillary qudits, each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions couplable to measurement apparatus for measuring an ancillary qudit. The device further comprises a third plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers, each confinement region of the third plurality of confinement regions situated between a first confinement region of the first plurality of confinement regions and a second confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions and for use in mediating interactions between a data qudit of the first confinement region and an ancillary qudit of the second confinement region.

Abstract: A set of primer appliances and a set of treatment appliances to be worn by a subject are provided. The primer appliances are first worn to prepare the local environment of the teeth for further repositioning of the teeth by the treatment appliances. The primer appliances may apply compression to the periodontal ligament, in a direction favorable for achieving the desired final position of a tooth. The compression may generate a biological response in the local environment of the teeth. The primer appliances may cause minimal or no repositioning of the teeth. The treatment appliances are worn to reposition the teeth from an initial position to an end positon of a treatment stage. The primer appliances can improve the efficiency and accuracy of tooth movement by the treatment appliances.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for controlling charge stability in a device for quantum information processing. According to examples, a device for quantum information processing comprises a first plurality of confinement regions confining spinful charge carriers for use as audits. The device further comprises a second plurality of confinement regions confining spinful charge carriers, each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions adjacent to a confinement region of the first plurality of confinement regions. The device further comprises one or more charge reservoirs, wherein each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions is attachable to a charge reservoir.

Abstract: Orthodontic systems and related methods are disclosed for designing and providing improved or more effective tooth moving systems for eliciting a desired tooth movement and/or repositioning teeth into a desired arrangement. Methods and orthodontic systems include the generation of an overcorrection in the tooth-receiving cavities of an appliance worn in the dentition. The overcorrection may provide an improved and more accurately applied force or moment applied to a tooth. The overcorrected force or moment can move a tooth closer to a desired position than if not overcorrected as sufficient force can still applied to the tooth as it gets closer to the desired position. The overcorrected force or moment may also better target the root of the tooth where the biological response to tooth movement occurs. The overcorrection may be calculated in various ways as described herein.