Abstract: A cylinder valve assembly having a check valve in a sealing assembly attached to a cylinder, and a detachable dispensing valve matingly fitted with the sealing assembly which actuates the check valve when seated.

Abstract: A system for rapidly filling cylinders with gas while avoiding superambient temperature excursions of the cylinder contents wherein cylinder charging gas is produced by vaporizing pressurized cryogenic liquid in admixture with pressurized gas to simultaneously in one step produce the charging gas and control the temperature of the charging gas to enable the subsequent rapid filling rate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluid cylinder pressure check valve device, for use during the recharging of cylinders with fluid(s). In use, the invention is attached to a valve assembly of the cylinder so that when the valve assembly is opened, residual pressure within the cylinder may be determined to enable more efficient recharging. The invention also allows cylinders containing gas mixtures to be recharged to attain enhanced composition uniformity.

Abstract: A low heat-leak cryogenic system comprising a cryogenic fluid, a first lamina having an external side facing toward and exposed directly to, or indirectly to, the cryogenic fluid and an internal side facing away from the cryogenic fluid; a second lamina spaced apart from the first lamina, and at least one block or layer of coherent aerogel extending from the first lamina to the second lamina. In another version, the aerogel is in a gaseous environment having a pressure not greater than 250,000 micrometers of mercury. In another version, at least one of the lamina is flexible so as to at least partially transmit an external load, such as that imposed by the atmosphere, to the coherent aerogel, and the coherent+ aerogel is capable of at least partially transmitting a load imposed on it from one lamina to the other.