Abstract: Liquid pesticide compositions and methods of making and using the compositions for crop protection from pests are provided. A liquid pesticide formulated to control crop pests is infused with nano-bubbles that increase the efficacy of the liquid pesticide. The liquid pesticide may be mixed and homogenized before flowing the liquid pesticide through a nano-bubble generator. The liquid pesticide may be mixed and prepared for packaging or mixed in-situ for direct application to crops. The liquid pesticide composition infused with nano-bubbles may be applied to both crops and soil in the same manner as standard liquid pesticides to control pests for crop protection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are glass pharmaceutical vials having sidewalls of reduced thickness. In embodiments, the glass pharmaceutical vial may include a glass body comprising a sidewall enclosing an interior volume. An outer diameter D of the glass body is equal to a diameter d1 of a glass vial of size X as defined by ISO 8362-1, wherein X is one of 2R, 3R, 4R, 6R, 8R, 10R, 15R, 20R, 25R, 30R, 50R, and 100R as defined by ISO 8362-1. However, the sidewall of the glass pharmaceutical vial comprises an average wall thickness Ti that is less than or equal to 0.85*s1, wherein s1 is a wall thickness of the glass vial of size X as defined by ISO 8362-1 and X is one of 2R, 3R, 4R, 6R, 8R, 10R, 15R, 20R, 25R, 30R, 50R, and 100R as defined by ISO 8362-1.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are glass pharmaceutical vials having sidewalls of reduced thickness. In embodiments, the glass pharmaceutical vial may include a glass body comprising a sidewall enclosing an interior volume. An outer diameter D of the glass body is equal to a diameter d1 of a glass vial of size X as defined by ISO 8362-1, wherein X is one of 2R, 3R, 4R, 6R, 8R, 10R, 15R, 20R, 25R, 30R, 50R, and 100R as defined by ISO 8362-1. However, the sidewall of the glass pharmaceutical vial comprises an average wall thickness Ti that is less than or equal to 0.85*s1, wherein s1 is a wall thickness of the glass vial of size X as defined by ISO 8362-1 and X is one of 2R, 3R, 4R, 6R, 8R, 10R, 15R, 20R, 25R, 30R, 50R, and 100R as defined by ISO 8362-1.

Abstract: Liquid fertilizer compositions and methods of making and using the compositions for fertilizing crops are provided. A liquid fertilizer formulated to enhance plant growth is infused with nano-bubbles that increase the efficacy of the liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer is mixed and homogenized before flowing the liquid fertilizer through a nano-bubble generator. The liquid fertilizing composition infused with nano-bubbles may be applied to soil in the same manner as standard liquid fertilizers to further promote plant growth.

Abstract: Liquid fertilizer compositions and methods of making and using the compositions for fertilizing crops are provided. A liquid fertilizer formulated to enhance plant growth is infused with nano-bubbles that increase the efficacy of the liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer is mixed and homogenized before flowing the liquid fertilizer through a nano-bubble generator. The liquid fertilizing composition infused with nano-bubbles may be applied to soil in the same manner as standard liquid fertilizers to further promote plant growth.