Abstract: A computing system is provided comprising a processor and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor. The instructions are executable to, during a run-time phase, receive run-time input data that includes time series data indicating a state of a graph network at each of a series of time steps. The graph network includes a plurality of nodes, and at least one edge connecting pairs of the nodes. The run-time input data is input into a trained graph neural network to thereby cause the graph neural network to output a predicted state of the graph network at one or more future time steps.

Abstract: Transition-metal doped Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions are provided herein. The Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions have a chemical formula of Li(3-?)M5/mBA, wherein 0<?<3m/(m+1) and ?=3m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, a chemical formula of Li4-?Ms?/mPC4A, wherein 0<??4m/(m+1) and ?=4m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, or a combination thereof, wherein M is a transition metal, B is a divalent anion, and A is a monovalent anion. Also provided herein, are methods of making the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions, and uses of the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing layer, at least one electrode, an adhesion layer, and a response modification layer adjacent to said gas sensing layer and said layer of adhesion. A system having an exhaust system and a gas sensor is also disclosed. A method of fabricating the gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cathode composition and a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising same are disclosed. The cathode composition is described as comprising particles of one or more transition metal, alkali halometallate having a melting point of less than about 300 degrees Celsius, and at least one phosphorus composition additive selected from P—O compositions, P-halogen compositions, P—O-halogen compositions, and their reaction products and combinations. Also described is a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising the composition. The phosphorus composition additive in the cathode composition of a cell is effective to lower the capacity degradation rate of the cell during operation relative to absence of the additive, and effective to lower the internal resistance of the cell when under operating conditions relative to absence of the additive.

Abstract: A cathode composition is provided. The cathode composition includes at least one electroactive metal, wherein the electroactive metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, nickel, iron, cobalt, chromium, manganese, silver, antimony, cadmium, tin, lead and zinc; a first alkali metal halide; an electrolyte salt comprising a reaction product of a second alkali metal halide and a metal halide, wherein the electrolyte salt has a melting point of less than about 300 degrees Centigrade; and a metal chlorosulfide compound having a formula (I) M1M2p+1SnCl4+3p?2n wherein “M1” is a metal selected from group IA of the periodic table, “M2” is a metal selected from group IIIA of the periodic table, “p” is 0 or 1, and “n” is equal to or greater than 0.5. An article and an energy storage device comprising the cathode composition is provided. A method of forming the energy storage device is provided.

Abstract: A primary aluminum hydride cell and a battery formed with a plurality of the cells is described herein. The cells are constructed of an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte, and the anode comprises aluminum hydride and a conductive material. In some embodiments, the cathode comprises an air diffusion cathode.

Abstract: A cathode composition is provided. The cathode composition includes at least one electroactive metal, wherein the electroactive metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, nickel, iron, cobalt, chromium, manganese, silver, antimony, cadmium, tin, lead and zinc; a first alkali metal halide; an electrolyte salt comprising a reaction product of a second alkali metal halide and a metal halide, wherein the electrolyte salt has a melting point of less than about 300 degrees Centigrade; and a metal chlorosulfide compound having a formula (I) M1M2p+1SnCl4+3p-2n wherein “M1” is a metal selected from group IA of the periodic table, “M2” is a metal selected from group IIIA of the periodic table, “p” is 0 or 1, and “n” is equal to or greater than 0.5. An article and an energy storage device comprising the cathode composition is provided. A method of forming the energy storage device is provided.

Abstract: A system for depositing two or more materials on a substrate is provided. The system comprises one or more susceptors configured to define two or more recesses for accommodating at least a first material and a second material respectively. The first and second materials are different. The system further comprises one or more heaters for heating the first material and the second material for sublimation of the first and second materials for deposition on the substrate. A method for depositing two or more materials on a substrate is also presented.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and material for storing and retrieving hydrogen are presented. The apparatus comprises a storage component, and this component comprises a hydrogen storage medium. The hydrogen storage medium comprises gallium. The method for storing and retrieving hydrogen comprises providing a source of hydrogen; providing a storage component, the component comprising a hydrogen storage medium, wherein the hydrogen storage medium comprises gallium; and exposing the medium to hydrogen from the source. The material comprises at least about 10 atom percent gallium, with the balance comprising at least one of aluminum and boron. The material is a metallic alloy.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing layer including doped oxygen deficient tungsten oxide and a dopant selected from the group consisting of Re, Ni, Cr, V, W, and a combination thereof, at least one electrode positioned within a layer of titanium, and a response modification layer. The at least one electrode is in communication with the gas sensing layer and the gas sensing layer is capable of detecting at least one gas selected from the group consisting of NO, NO2, SOx O2, H2O, and NH3. A method of fabricating the gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cathode composition and a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising same are disclosed. The cathode composition is described as comprising particles of one or more transition metal, alkali halometallate having a melting point of less than about 300 degrees Celsius, and at least one phosphorus composition additive selected from P-O compositions, P-halogen compositions, P-O-halogen compositions, and their reaction products and combinations. Also described is a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising the composition. The phosphorus composition additive in the cathode composition of a cell is effective to lower the capacity degradation rate of the cell during operation relative to absence of the additive, and effective to lower the internal resistance of the cell when under operating conditions relative to absence of the additive.

Abstract: A primary aluminum hydride cell and a battery formed with a plurality of the cells is described herein.. In some embodiments, the cells are constructed of: (a) an anode comprising aluminum hydride and a conductive material; (b) a cathode; and (c) an aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing layer including doped oxygen deficient tungsten oxide and a dopant selected from the group consisting of Re, Ni, Cr, V, W, and a combination thereof, at least one electrode positioned within a layer of titanium, and a response modification layer. The at least one electrode is in communication with the gas sensing layer and the gas sensing layer is capable of detecting at least one gas selected from the group consisting of NO, NO2, SOx O2, H2O, and NH3. A method of fabricating the gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing layer, at least one electrode, an adhesion layer, and a response modification layer adjacent to said gas sensing layer and said layer of adhesion. A system having an exhaust system and a gas sensor is also disclosed. A method of fabricating the gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing layer including at least one chemical compound with the general chemical formula M?O62N?, wherein M is at least one chemical element selected from the group consisting of W, Ti, Ta, Sr, Mo, and combinations thereof, and ?, ?, ? are self-consistent, said gas sensing layer being capable of detecting at least one gas selected from the group consisting of NO, NO2, SO2, O2, H2O, CO, H2, and NH3, at least one electrode positioned within a adhesion layer composed of a material selected from the group consisting of Ti, Cr, and combinations thereof, and a response modification layer composed of a material selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Nb, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ta, W, Re, Pt, and combinations thereof. The at least one electrode is in communication with the sensing layer. A method of fabricating the gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sensor system for measuring a plurality of chemical species is disclosed. The sensor system includes a plurality of semiconductor device sensor elements, wherein each sensor element includes at least one wide band gap semiconductor layer and at least one catalytic layer configured to have an electrical property modifiable on exposure to an analyte including one or more chemical species; and an acquisition and analysis system configured to receive sensor signals from the plurality of sensor elements and to use multivariate analysis techniques to analyze the sensor signals to provide multivariate analyte measurement data.

Abstract: A method for identification and evaluation of the hydrogen storage capacity of materials is presented, the method comprising providing a plurality of materials, wherein the plurality of materials comprise an array of synthesized hydrides and analyzing hydrogen content in the plurality of materials.

Abstract: A method for making a proton-conducting membrane is described. The method includes the steps of combining a protonated, layered inorganic material with a proton-conducting organic polymer in a liquid medium; exfoliating the layered inorganic material, so that individual layers of the inorganic material are suspended in the liquid medium and spaced from each other; and the polymer is absorbed onto the surface of the individual layers. In this manner, a polymer-inorganic composite is formed. The liquid can then be removed, to recover the resulting membrane. Related electrolysis and fuel cell devices are also described, which incorporate the proton-conducting membrane.

Abstract: An electrochemical energy conversion system comprises an electrochemical energy conversion device, in fluid communication with a source of liquid carrier of hydrogen and an oxidant, for receiving, catalyzing and electrochemically oxidizing at least a portion of the hydrogen to generate electricity, a hydrogen depleted liquid, and water. A method of electrochemical energy conversion includes the steps of directing a liquid carrier of hydrogen to an electrochemical conversion device and electrochemically dehydrogenating the liquid carrier of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to produce electricity.

Abstract: A method for ring-halogenating an aromatic compound comprises contacting the aromatic compound with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a catalyst composition, where the catalyst composition comprises at least one salt comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Group 13 metal; and a counterion derived from an acid having a pKa relative to water of 0 or greater; and at least one organic sulfur compound.