Abstract: There is described a method of using a feedstock gas reactor. Reaction of feedstock and combustion gases in the reactor produces hydrogen through pyrolysis of the feedstock gas. At least some of a mixed product stream extracted from the reactor may be recycled to the reactor to drive further pyrolysis of the feedstock gas. A portion of the recycled mixed product stream may be recirculated back to a combustion chamber of the reactor, and a portion of the recycled mixed product stream may be recirculated back to a reaction chamber of the reactor.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for introducing a fluid into a subsea production flow system, a system and a method of use. The apparatus comprises a first flow path through the apparatus for fluidly coupling a subsea well to a subsea production flow system and an inlet for receiving a fluid. A second flow path fluidly connects the inlet and the subsea production flow system. A valve is operable to control the flow of the fluid through the inlet to the subsea production flow system. In one embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for preventing or reducing flow of a first treatment chemical into a subsea production flow system, a system, and a method of use. In an alternative embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for injecting a gas into a subsea production flow system, a system, and a method of use.

Abstract: The invention provides a subsea in-line tee arrangement for a subsea production system comprising at least one removable module. The removable module is configured to be assembled with a jumper flowline and provide flow access between a jumper flowline and the subsea in-line tee. At least one retrievable process apparatus can be connected to the retrievable module. The at least one retrievable process apparatus is configured to perform a function selected from the group comprising: fluid control, fluid sampling, fluid diversion, fluid recovery, fluid injection, fluid circulation, fluid measurement and/or fluid metering.

Abstract: There is described a method for producing hydrogen and generating electrical power. A hydrocarbon fuel source is decomposed into hydrogen and carbon using a hydrocarbon dissociation reactor. The carbon is separated from the hydrogen in a carbon separator. Electrical power is generated from the separated carbon using a direct carbon fuel cell.

Abstract: A feedstock gas, such as natural gas, is introduced into a mixing chamber. A combustible gas is introduced into a combustion chamber, for example simultaneously to the introduction of the feedstock gas. Thereafter, the combustible gas is ignited so as to cause the combustible gas to flow into the mixing chamber via one or more fluid flow paths between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber, and to mix with the feedstock gas. The mixing of the combustible gas with the feedstock gas causes one or more products to be produced.

Abstract: The invention provides a subsea manifold for a subsea production system comprising at least one removable module, and methods of installation and use. The at least one removable is configured to perform a function selected from the group comprising: fluid control, fluid sampling, fluid diversion, fluid recovery, fluid injection, fluid circulation, fluid measurement and/or fluid metering.

Abstract: There is described a direct carbon fuel cell system. The system includes fuel cells, each fuel cell having a porous fuel cell anode and a fuel cell cathode. The system further includes a molten carbonate electrolyte and a fuel supply apparatus for flowing a fuel slurry having carbon particles and a carbon carrier fluid to the fuel cell anodes in parallel. The carbon carrier fluid has a same composition as the molten carbonate electrolyte. An oxidant supply apparatus flows an oxygen-containing stream to the fuel cell cathodes in parallel. An electrolyte circulation apparatus circulates the molten carbonate electrolyte in contact with each of the fuel cells. During operation of the direct carbon fuel cell system to generate electric power, carbon is oxidized at the fuel cell anodes to produce carbon dioxide, and at the fuel cell cathodes oxygen and carbon dioxide react to produce carbonate ions.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and system for accessing a flow system (such as a subsea tree) in a subsea oil and gas production installation, and method of use. The apparatus comprises a body and a plurality of connectors configured to connect the apparatus to the flow system. A flow access interface is provided on the body for connecting the apparatus to a subsea process apparatus, and the body defines a plurality of flow paths. Each flow path fluidly connects one of the plurality of connectors to the flow access interface to provide an intervention path from a connected subsea process apparatus to the flow system in use. Aspects of the invention have particular application to flow metering, fluid sampling, and well scale squeeze operations.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and system for accessing a flow system (such as a subsea tree) in a subsea oil and gas production installation, and method of use. The apparatus comprises a body and a plurality of connectors configured to connect the apparatus to the flow system. A flow access interface is provided on the body for connecting the apparatus to a subsea process apparatus, and the body defines a plurality of flow paths. Each flow path fluidly connects one of the plurality of connectors to the flow access interface to provide an intervention path from a connected subsea process apparatus to the flow system in use. Aspects of the invention have particular application to flow metering, fluid sampling, and well scale squeeze operations.

Abstract: A cable gland sealing member comprising: a sleeve (19) arranged to be slidably received within a passage (9) defined in a body (5) of a cable gland, the sleeve (19) arranged to receive a settable sealing material for forming a seal to a cable passing through the sleeve, wherein the sleeve (19) is defined by an annular side wall extending along an axial length; wherein an outer surface (71) of the sleeve (19) includes a tapered portion (95) such that the external diameter of the sleeve (19) widens in the tapered portion (95); and wherein the outer surface (71) of the sleeve (19) is arranged to form a seal with the cable gland body (5). A cable gland is also disclosed using such a sealing member.

Abstract: A mask assembly adapted for use with a positive airway pressure device, includes a mask frame, an elbow assembly provided to the frame, a cushion provided to the frame, a forehead support assembly, and a neck to connect the frame to the forehead support assembly, wherein the neck includes a pair of side walls having a streamlined design that is made to look sleek and reduce or minimize obtrusiveness. The pair of side walls may take the form of a single wall or more than two walls. The mask frame may include a recessed port structure including at least one port having access to an interior of the frame which at least in part with the cushion defines a breathing chamber in communication with a nasal passage of the patient in use. The mask frame may also include a channel to receive the cushion. The channel is formed by an outer wall and an inner wall and the channel includes an inner surface having a bead to engage with an outer surface of an edge of the cushion.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for introducing a fluid into a subsea production flow system, a system and a method of use. The apparatus comprises a first flow path through the apparatus for fluidly coupling a subsea well to a subsea production flow system and an inlet for receiving a fluid. A second flow path fluidly connects the inlet and the subsea production flow system. A valve is operable to control the flow of the fluid through the inlet to the subsea production flow system. In one embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for preventing or reducing flow of a first treatment chemical into a subsea production flow system, a system, and a method of use. In an alternative embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for injecting a gas into a subsea production flow system, a system, and a method of use.

Abstract: A valve apparatus (400) for a flow system in a subsea oil and gas production installation and a method of use. The valve apparatus comprises an inlet for production flow from the subsea oil and gas production installation, an outlet for production flow, and a flow control valve (420) disposed between the inlet and the outlet. A first flow line (361) in communication with a sampling circuit is disposed between the inlet and the flow control valve, and a second flow line (362) in communication with a sampling circuit is disposed between the outlet and the flow control valve. The flow control valve is operable to be partially closed to create a pressure differential between the first and second flow lines, and thereby drive a production fluid into the sampling circuit.

Abstract: The invention provides a jumper termination apparatus for a subsea jumper flowline, a flow system for a subsea hydrocarbon production or injection installation incorporating such a jumper termination apparatus, and a method of use. The jumper termination apparatus comprises a body, a jumper coupling means configured to couple the body to a jumper flowline, and a connector coupling means configured to couple the body to a subsea manifold connector. An access interface is disposed on the body. The body defines a first flow path from a coupled jumper flowline to a coupled subsea manifold connector, and a second flow path from the access interface to the first flow path or the subsea manifold connector. The access interface is configured to be connected to a second jumper flowline.

Abstract: The invention provides an access apparatus for accessing a flow system in a subsea oil and gas production installation, a method of installation and a subsea horizontal connection installation. In one aspect, the access apparatus comprises a body, a plurality of connectors configured to connect the apparatus to the flow system and an access interface providing an access point to the flow system. The body defines at least one bore which fluidly connects at least one of the plurality of connectors to the access interface to provide a path between the access interface and the flow system.

Abstract: The invention provides a sampling apparatus for sampling fluid from a pipeline system during a pigging operation and a method of use. The sampling apparatus comprises an inlet configured to be coupled to the pipeline system, for receiving a fluid carried by a pigging operation from the pipeline system, and an outlet for discharging fluid from the sampling apparatus. A flow control valve is disposed between the inlet and the outlet. A first flow line is in communication with a sampling circuit and is disposed between the inlet and the flow control valve. A second flow line is in communication with a sampling circuit, and is disposed between the outlet and the flow control valve. The flow control valve is operable to be partially closed to create a pressure differential between the first and second flow lines, and drive a fluid passing through the sampling apparatus into the sampling circuit.

Abstract: A mask system for use between a patient and device to deliver a breathable gas to the patient includes a mouth cushion, a pair of nasal prongs, an elbow, and a headgear assembly. The mouth cushion is structured to sealingly engage around an exterior of a patient's mouth in use, and the pair of nasal prongs are structured to sealingly communicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use. The elbow delivers breathable gas to the patient. The headgear assembly maintains the mouth cushion and the nasal prongs in a desired position on the patient's face. The headgear assembly provides a substantially round crown strap that cups the parietal bone and occipital bone of the patient's head in use.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for accessing a flow system (such as a subsea tree) in a subsea oil and gas production system, and method of use. The apparatus comprises a body defining a conduit therethrough and a first connector for connecting the body to the flow system. A second connector is configured for connecting the body to an intervention apparatus, such as an injection or sampling equipment. In use, the conduit provides an intervention path from the intervention apparatus to the flow system. Aspects of the invention relate to combined injection and sampling units, and have particular application to well scale squeeze operations.