Patents by Inventor John S. Porter
John S. Porter has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 6747125Abstract: Peptides which include unnatural amino acids and which either promote or inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such peptides that are GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads and may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors. The agonists can be used for control of reproduction processes, to treat precocious puberty, endometriosis, and the like. The peptides are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1996Date of Patent: June 8, 2004Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, Paula Guess Theobald, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5807986Abstract: Compounds termed "betides" mimic peptides and contain one or more residues of aminoglycine, C.sup..alpha. -aminoalanine, aminosarcosine or the like wherein the side chain amino group has been acylated and optionally also alkylated. Generally, betides have the formula: X.sub.N -X.sub.1 -X.sub.2 -X.sub.3 -X.sub.m -X.sub.4 -X.sub.5 -X.sub.6 -X.sub.C, where X.sub.N is an acyl or other N-terminal group or a peptide up to about 50 amino acids in length having such a group; X.sub.C is OH, NH.sub.2 or other C-terminal group or a peptide up to about 50 amino acids in length having such a group; and X.sub.1 -X.sub.6 are each independently a betidamino acid or .alpha.-amino acid or des-X; and X.sub.m is a peptide up to about 50 amino acids or des-X; provided however that at least one of X.sub.1 -X.sub.6 is a betidamino acid residue having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0 is H or CH.sub.3, R and R.sub.2 are H or lower alkyl, and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1995Date of Patent: September 15, 1998Assignee: The Salk Institute For Biological StudiesInventors: Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5744450Abstract: Peptides which include unnatural amino acids and which either promote or inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such peptides that are GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads and may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors. The agonists can be used for control of reproduction processes, to treat precocious puberty, endometriosis, and the like. The peptides are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1995Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, Paula Guess Theobald, John S. Porter, Catherine L. Rivier, Wylie Walker Vale, Jr.
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Patent number: 5710249Abstract: Methods of making unnatural amino acids are provided which unnatural amino acids can be incorporated into peptides which either inhibit or promote the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. These unnatural amino acids are useful in the synthesis of peptides and have the formula (a): ##STR1## where W is (CH.sub.2) or ##STR2## n is an integer from 1 to 6; j=1, 2 or 3, and preferably, Y is N--CN, X is NH and R.sub.2 is alkyl, modified alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or methyl pyridyl. Disclosed are peptides that are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: January 20, 1998Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5681928Abstract: Compounds are provided termed "betides" which mimic peptides and which contain one or more residues of aminoglycine, C.sup..alpha. -aminoalanine, aminosarcosine or the like wherein the side chain amino group has been acylated and optionally also alkylated. Generally, betides have the formula:X.sub.N --X.sub.1 --X.sub.2 --X.sub.3 --X.sub.m --X.sub.4 --X.sub.5 --X.sub.6 --X.sub.C, where X.sub.N is an acyl or other N-terminal group or a peptide up to about 50 amino acids in length having such a group; X.sub.C is OH, NH.sub.2 or other C-terminal group or a peptide up to about 50 amino acids in length having such a group; and X.sub.1 -X.sub.6 are each independently a betide amino acid or .alpha.-amino acid or des-X; and X.sub.m is a peptide up to about 50 amino acids or des-X; provided however that at least one of X.sub.1 -X.sub.6 is a betide amino acid residue having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.o is H or CH.sub.3, R and R.sub.2 are H or lower alkyl, and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1994Date of Patent: October 28, 1997Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5580957Abstract: Peptides which include unnatural amino acids and which either promote or inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such peptides that are GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads and may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors. The agonists can be used for control of reproduction processes, to treat precocious puberty, endometriosis, and the like. The peptides are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1994Date of Patent: December 3, 1996Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, Paula G. Theobald, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5565574Abstract: Methods of making unnatural amino acids are provided which unnatural amino acids can be incorporated into peptides which either inhibit or promote the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. These unnatural amino acids are useful in the synthesis of peptides and have the formula (a): ##STR1## where W is (CH.sub.2).sub.n or ##STR2## n is an integer from 1 to 6; j=1, 2 or 3, and preferably, Y is N--CN, X is NH and R.sub.2 is alkyl, modified alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or methyl pyridyl. Disclosed are peptides that are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1994Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5506207Abstract: Analogs of the decapeptide GnRH which include two significantly modified amino acids at positions 5 and 6 inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads and may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors. Particularly effective peptides which are soluble in water at physiologic pH and which have a low tendency to gel when administered in vivo have the following formula:Ac-.beta.-D-2NAL-(4Cl)D-Phe-D-3PAL-Ser-Aph(Q.sub.1)(3-amino-1,2,4 triazole)-D-Aph(Q.sub.2)(3-amino 1,2,4-triazole)-Leu-Lys (isopropyl)-Pro-D-Ala-NH.sub.2,where Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.2 are amino acids, such as Gly, .beta.-Ala, Ala, D-Ala, Ser, Aib, Ahx and Gab. Examples of other GnRH antagonists includeAc-.beta.-D-2NAL-(4Cl)D-Phe-D-3PAL-Ser-Aph(Atz)-D-Aph(Ac)-Leu-Lys(isopropyl )-Pro-D-Ala-NH.sub.2,Ac-.beta.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1994Date of Patent: April 9, 1996Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter, Carl A. Hoeger, Guangcheng Jiang, Catherine L. Rivier
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Patent number: 5371070Abstract: Peptides which have substantial bioactivity to inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and to inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation and/or the release of steroids by the gonads. They may also be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors, such as prostatic and mammary tumors. The peptides are bicyclic analogs of the decapeptide GnRH having two covalent bonds, between the residues in the 4- and 10-positions and the residues in the 5- and 8-positions. The latter linkage includes peptide bonds between a residue of an .alpha.-amino acid outside of the main chain and a side-chain carboxyl group of the 5-position residue and a side-chain amino group of the 8-position residue.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1992Date of Patent: December 6, 1994Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Steven C. Koerber, John S. Porter, Jean E. F. Rivier
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Patent number: 5352796Abstract: Unnatural amino acids are provided which can be incorporated into peptides which either inhibit or promote the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. These unnatural amino acids are useful in the synthesis of peptides and have the formula (a): ##STR1## where W is (CH.sub.2).sub.n or ##STR2## n is an integer from 1 to 6; j=1,2 or 3, and preferably, Y is N--CN, X is NH and R.sub.2 is alkyl, modified alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or methyl pyridyl; or the formula (b): ##STR3## where R.sub.11 is H or acyl and W is as defined in (a), and preferably R.sub.11 is H and W is ##STR4## Disclosed are peptides that are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1993Date of Patent: October 4, 1994Assignee: The Salk Institute For Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, John S. Porter
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Patent number: 5296468Abstract: Peptides which include unnatural amino acids and which either inhibit or promote the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such peptides that are GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads. The antagonists may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors, such as prostatic and mammary tumors. The peptides are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-, 5-, 6- and/or 8-positions. Such unnatural amino acids are useful in the synthesis of peptides and have the formula U.sup.* : ##STR1## where W is (CH.sub.2).sub.n or ##STR2## n is an integer from 1 to 6; and j=1, 2 or 3. Preferably, either Y is N--CN, X is NH and R.sub.2 is alkyl, modified alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or methyl pridyl or ##STR3## where R.sub.11 is H or acyl.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1993Date of Patent: March 22, 1994Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, Paula G. Theobald, John S. Porter, Catherine L. Rivier, Wylie W. Vale, Jr.
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Patent number: 5169935Abstract: Methods for making peptides of a suitable length for solid phase synthesis, which peptides include in their sequence a pair of residues of a different character which have acylated side chains and a residue which has an N-alkylated side chain. A peptide intermediate is constructed on the resin using commercially available starting materials. The N-terminus can be acylated by removing the .alpha.-amino protecting group and acylating under standard conditions. First primary amino protecting groups included in those residues to be acylated are removed, and acylation is effected, preferably by using a carboxypyridine or a similar heterocyclic acylating agent. Following such side chain acylation, a second protecting group included in the residue to be N-alkylated is removed, and the N-alkylation reaction is carried out while the peptide remains on the resin using a borohydride and an appropriate aldehyde or ketone.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1990Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Paula G. Theobald, John S. Porter, Jean E. F. Rivier
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Patent number: 5169932Abstract: Peptides which include unnatural amino acides and which either inhibit or promote the secretion of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland and inhibit the release of steroids by the gonads. Administration of an effective amount of such peptides that are GnRH antagonists prevents ovulation of female mammalian eggs and/or the release of steroids by the gonads. The antagonists may be used to treat steroid-dependent tumors, such as prostatic and mammary tumors. The peptides are analogs of the decapeptide GnRH wherein there is at least one residue of an unnatural amino acid in the 3-position, the 5-position, the 6-position and/or the 8-position. Such unnatural amino acids are useful in the synthesis of peptides and have the formula U*: ##STR1## where n is an integer from 1 to 6; Y is N--CN, N--CONHR.sub.9, S, O or CH--NO.sub.2 ; R.sub.9 is H, Ac, lower alkyl, aromatic or heterocyclic; X is NH, O, S, M.sub.1 (CH.sub.q).sub.p M.sub.2 or M.sub.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.p' --M.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.p" --M.sub.3, where M.sub.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1990Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Carl A. Hoeger, Jean E. F. Rivier, Paula G. Theobald, John S. Porter, Catherine L. Rivier, Wylie W. Vale, Jr.
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Patent number: 4701499Abstract: Peptide N-alkylamides, and other C-terminal N-substituted amides, can be synthesized using solid-phase synthesis on a benzene-containing resin which is suitably methylated. Reactive amino groups are attached directly or indirectly to the methyl groups, for example, such as by reacting commercially available chloromethylated polystyrene resins with an alkylamine to create a resin-amine. The C-terminal amino acid of the desired peptide is linked to the resin-amine via an amide linkage, and the peptide is thereafter built in normal fashion. Treatment of the completed peptide intermediate with HF is effective to both effect deprotection and cleave the peptide from the resin in the form of the N-substituted amide. Examples include peptide N-ethylamides, N-fluoroethylamide, N-anilides and other substituted N-benzylamides.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1986Date of Patent: October 20, 1987Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Wayne D. Kornreich, Harry A. Anderson, John S. Porter, Jean E. F. Rivier
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Patent number: 4569967Abstract: Peptide N-alkylamides, and other C-terminal N-substituted amides, can be synthesized using solid-phase synthesis on a benzene-containing resin which is suitably methylated. Reactive amino groups are attached directly or indirectly to the methyl groups, for example, such as by reacting commercially available chloromethylated polystyrene resins with an alkylamine to create a resin-amine. The C-terminal amino acid of the desired peptide is linked to the resin-amine via an amide linkage, and the peptide is thereafter built in normal fashion. Treatment of the completed peptide intermediate with HF is effective to both effect deprotection and cleave the peptide from the resin in the form of the N-substituted amide. Examples include peptide N-ethylamides, N-fluoroethylamide, N-anilides and other substituted N-benzylamides.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1983Date of Patent: February 11, 1986Assignee: The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesInventors: Wayne D. Kornreich, Harry A. Anderson, John S. Porter, Jean E. F. Rivier