Abstract: Emulsifiers are disclosed which comprise the reaction product of component (I) with component (II). Component (I) comprises the reaction product of certain carboxylic acids or anhydrides, or ester or amide derivatives thereof, with ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali and/or at least one alkaline-earth metal. Component (II) comprises certain phosphorus-containing acids; or metal salts of said phosphorus-containing acids, the metals being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, chromium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, tin, lead, and mixtures of two or more thereof. These emulsifiers are useful in water-in-oil explosive emulsions.

Abstract: A non-explosive water in oil emulsion fertilizer composition comprising: a discontinuous aqueous phase comprising at least one fertilizer component; a continuous oil phase; an emulsifier comprising the reaction product of at least one succinic acylating agent and at least one co-reactant selected from the group consisting of: primary alkanol amines, secondary alkanol amines, tertiary alkanol amines, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, poly-amines, alcohols, polyols, and phenols is disclosed. The ferilizer compositions provide for delayed release of the fertilizer components.

Abstract: A non-explosive water in oil emulsion fertilizer composition is provided which comprises:a discontinuous aqueous phase comprising at least one fertilizer component;a continuous oil phase;an emulsifier comprising the reaction product of at least one hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride acylating agent and at least one tertiary alkanol amine.

Abstract: Aqueous oil-in-water emulsion functional fluid comprising:water, an oil and an emulsifying quantity of a salt composition comprising:(A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 200 carbon atoms, and (A)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;(B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of up 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said components (A) and (B) being coupled together by(c) at least one compound having (i) two or more primary

Abstract: The present invention provides for a novel salt composition comprising: (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number average molecular weight of at least about 280, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together b

Abstract: This invention relates to water-in-oil emulsion explosives in which an oxidizing material is contained in the discontinuous water phase, and the continuous oil phase acts as a carbonaceous fuel. More particularly, this invention relates to such explosives in which polyfunctional carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, or phosphorous-containing acids, soluble in the oil phase, are caused to cross-link using an inorganic cross-linker, thereby causing the viscosity of the emulsion to increase.

Abstract: This invention provides for water-oil emulsions comprising water, oil and a minor emulsifying amount of the reaction product of: (A) at least one saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms; (B) at least one acid of the general formula C.sub.19 H.sub.n COOH, wherein n is a number in the range of about 27 to about 31, and having a phenathrene nucleus; and (C) at least one amine. In one hydroxy embodiment, the oil employed in these emulsions can be any oil, the water content of these emulsions being up to about 30% by weight. In a preferred embodiment, the oil employed is crude oil. These emulsions can be facilitatingly pumped through a conduit even when the oil employed is a viscous crude oil. These emulsions are useful as a combustible fuel when the water content is below about 30% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a novel salt composition comprising: (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number average molecular weight of at least about 280, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together b

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of introducing into a well borehole a composition, comprising water and an amount, sufficient to reduce drilling torque, prevent sticking or twisting of a pipe during drilling, or release a stuck pipe in a well borehole, of (A) at least one reaction product of (A-1) at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent and (A-2) at least one amine-terminated polyoxyalkylene having a number average molecular weight from about 600 to about 10,000, or at least one salt of the reaction product, and drilling the well borehole. Drilling torque, twisting and sticking of the pipe during drilling and releasing of stuck pipe in a well borehole are all effectively controlled by the methods and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition comprising:(A) at least one dicarboxylic acid or anhydride or at least one ammonium or metal salt of the dicarboxylic acid or anhydride; and(B) at least one compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, polyalkoxyalkyl or hydroxypolyalkoxyalkyl; and R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl group. In another embodiment, the compositions include (C) at least one acid, or ammonium or metal salt of the acid represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are each independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups; and n is a number from 1 to about 10;(D) at least one ester-salt derived from at least alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride of about 8 to about 28 carbon atoms and at least one alkanol amine;or mixtures of (C) and (D).The invention further provides for concentrates and functional fluids containing the above corrosion-inhibitors.

Abstract: Emulsifiers are disclosed which comprise the reaction product of component (I) with component (II). Component (I) comprises the reaction product of certain carboxylic acids or anhydrides, or ester or amide derivatives thereof, with ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali and/or at least one alkaline-earth metal. Component (II) comprises certain phosphorus-containing acids; or metal salts of said phosphorus-containing acids, the metal being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, chromium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, tin, lead, and mixtures of two or more thereof. These emulsifiers are useful in water-in-oil explosive emulsions.

Abstract: Salt compositions are disclosed which comprise: (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and (A)(I) ammonia, at least one amine, at least oen alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least oen alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least oen low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of up to about 18 carbona toms, and (B)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compund; said components (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C) at least one compound having (i() two or more primary amino groups, (ii) two or more secondary amino groups, (iii) at least one

Abstract: A composition comprising the reaction product of (A) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent, (B) at least one amine characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN>group, and (C) at least one phosphorus-containing acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein each X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 is independently oxygen or sulfur, each m is zero or one, and each R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is independently a hydrocarbyl group. Aqueous concentrates and water-based functional fluids comprising the foregoing composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Emulsifiers are disclosed which comprise the reaction product of component (I) with component (II). Component (I) comprises the reaction product of certain carboxylic acids or anhydrides, or ester or amide derivatives thereof, with ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali and/or at least one alkaline-earth metal. Component (II) comprises certain phosphorous-containing acids; or metal salts of said phosphorous-containing acids, the metals being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, chromium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver zinc, cadmium, aluminum, tin, lead, and mixtures of two or more thereof. These emulsifiers are useful in water-in-oil explosive emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least carbonaceous fuel, and an emulsifying amount of (A) at least one salt composition derived from (A) (I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride, or ester or amide derivative of said acid or anhydride, the hydrocarbyl substituent of (A) (I) having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and (A) (II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; and (B) at least one salt composition derived from (B) (I) at least one low-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride, or ester or amide derivative of said acid or anhydride, the hydrocarbyl substituent of (B) (I) having an average of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B) (II) ammonia, at

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion is disclosed which comprises:(A) a continuous oil phase;(B) a discontinuous aqueous phase;(C) a minor emulsifying amount of at least one salt derived from (C) (I) at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride, or ester or amide derivative of said acid or anhydride, the hydrocarbyl substituent of (C) (I) having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and (C) (II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; and(D) a functional amount of at least one water-soluble, oil-insoluble functional additive dissolved in said aqueous phase; with the proviso that when component (D) is ammonium nitrate, component (C) is other than an ester/salt formed by the reaction of polyisobutenyl (Mn=950) succinic anhydride with diethylethanolamine in a ratio of one equivalent of anhydride to one equivalent of amine.

Abstract: An explosive composition is disclosed which comprises a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one water-immiscible organic liquid, and an emulsifying amount of at least one nitrogen-containing emulsifier derived from (A) at least one carboxylic acylating agent, (B) at least one polyamine, and (C) at least one acid or acid-producing compound capable of forming at least one salt with said polyamine. These explosive compositions can be water-in-oil emulsions or melt-in-oil emulsions. They can also be explosive compositions derived from such emulsions wherein at temperatures below that at which the emulsion is formed the discontinuous phase is solid or in the form of droplets of supercooled liquid.

Abstract: Salt compositions are disclosed which comprise: (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and (A)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said components (A) and (B) being coupled together by (C) at least one compound having (i) two or more primary amino groups, (ii) two or more secondary amino groups, (iii) at least one

Abstract: Phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen containing salts prepared from dithiophosphorus compounds and amines are disclosed, which salts find utility in aqueous functional fluids. Compositions comprising a continuous aqueous phase, at least one of said salts prepared from dithiophosphorus compounds and amines and optionally a surface active agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising the reaction product of (A) at least one carboxylic acid acylating agent, (B) at least one amine characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group, and (C) at least one phosphorus-containing acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein each X', X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 is independently oxygen or sulfur, each m is zero or one, and each R' and R.sup.2 is independently a hydrocarbyl group. Aqueous concentrates and water-based functional fluids comprising the foregoing composition are also disclosed.