Abstract: A display device, including a substrate; a first layer having an array of row electrodes formed in rows across the substrate in a first direction and a second layer having an array of column electrodes formed in columns across the substrate in a second direction different from the first direction wherein the row and column electrodes overlap to form pixel locations; one or more layers of light-emitting material formed between the row and column electrodes to form a two-dimensional array of pixels, the pixels being located in the pixel locations; and a plurality of chiplets located over the substrate, the number of chiplets being less than the number of pixels, each chiplet exclusively controlling a subset of row electrodes and a subset of column electrodes, whereby the pixels are controlled to display an image.

Abstract: A method of providing chiplets over a substrate including providing in sequence a substrate; coating an adhesive in a layer over the substrate; placing a plurality of first chiplets onto the adhesive layer in separated chiplet location(s) to adhere the first chiplets to the adhesive layer, wherein one or more of the first chiplets do not adhere to the adhesive layer, so that first chiplet(s) are adhered to the adhesive layer in adhered chiplet location(s) and first chiplet(s) are not adhered in non-adhered chiplet location(s); locally processing the adhesive layer in the non-adhered chiplet location(s) to condition the adhesive layer in the non-adhered locations to receive second chiplets; placing second chiplet(s) onto the adhesive layer in the conditioned non-adhered chiplet location(s) to adhere the second chiplets in the adhesive layer in the non-adhered locations; and curing the adhesive.

Abstract: Compensation is performed for initial nonuniformity or aging of drive transistors and electroluminescent (EL) emitters in 3T1C EL subpixels of an EL display, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. A readout transistor connected to the EL emitter is used to readout the voltage of the emitter and compensation for ?Vth, ?VEL, and OLED efficiency loss is performed using a model. Measurements are taken during a frame by driving a target subpixel at a higher luminance for a shorter time, then using the remaining time in the frame to measure. Measurements can be taken with an A/D converter or with a ramp generator and comparator. Compensation is performed for each subpixel individually.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying and sensing images includes a display substrate and a plurality of electroluminescent pixels. A plurality of pixel control chiplets and one or more sensor chiplets are affixed to the device side of the display substrate in the display area. A transparent cover is spaced apart from and affixed to the device side of the display substrate, and has a plurality of imaging lenses formed on or in it, each imaging lens spaced apart from and corresponding to an image sensor array in a sensor chiplet for forming an imaging plane on the corresponding image sensor array.

Abstract: A tiled display apparatus includes at least five functionally identical transparent partially-overlapped display tiles arranged in two dimensions, each display tile including pixels arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the display tiles being disposed so that light emitted by pixels located beneath a neighboring display tile at the edge of the pixel array passes through the neighboring display tile.

Abstract: A display device, including a substrate; a first layer having an array of row electrodes formed in rows across the substrate in a first direction and a second layer having an array of column electrodes formed in columns across the substrate in a second direction different from the first direction wherein the row and column electrodes overlap to form pixel locations; one or more layers of light-emitting material formed between the row and column electrodes to form a two-dimensional array of pixels, the pixels being located in the pixel locations; and a plurality of row driver chiplets and a separate plurality of column driver chiplets distributed relative to the two-dimensional array of pixels, each row driver chiplet exclusively connected to and controlling an independent set of row electrodes and each column driver chiplet exclusively connected to and controlling an independent set of column electrodes.

Abstract: A method of making a display includes providing a display substrate having a plurality of control electrodes in a display area; locating a plurality of chiplets responsive to a controller to provide current to the control electrodes, each chiplet having a separate substrate, at least one pixel connection pad electrically connected to a control electrode, and one or more test light emitters formed in the chiplet responsive to the current provided on the control electrodes to emit light; controlling the chiplets to pass current through one or more of the test light emitters formed in the chiplet to emit light; detecting the light emitted by the test light emitters to determine faulty chiplets or chiplet interconnections; replacing or repairing the faulty chiplets or chiplet interconnections; and forming an organic light emitting diode over the substrate in the display area connected to the control electrodes.

Abstract: Methods for displaying an image on a color display having a target display white point luminance and chromaticity, and including three gamut-defining emitters defining a display gamut and two or more additional emitters which emit light within the display gamut; the method including receiving a three-component input image signal; transforming the three-component input image signal to a five-or-more component drive signal; and providing the drive signal to display an image corresponding to the input image signal. One method provides a reproduced luminance value higher than the sum of the respective luminance values of the three components of the input signal when reproduced with the gamut-defining emitters. Another method provides reduced power in an OLED display including a white-emitting layer with three color filters for gamut-defining emitters and two or more additional color filters for three additional within-gamut emitters.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display includes a display substrate, a plurality of patterned first electrodes formed over the display substrate, one or more layers of light-emitting material formed over the plurality of first electrodes, at least one second electrode formed over the one or more layers of light-emitting material, and a plurality of chiplets. Each chiplet is electrically connected to a first electrode. Each chiplet further includes a light detector and a light emitter separate from the one-or-more layers of light-emitting material connected to the chiplet circuitry. The chiplet circuitry includes a modulating circuit for modulating light emitted by the light emitter and a demodulating circuit for demodulating light detected by the light detector so that light emitted by the light emitter of a first chiplet is received by the light detector of a second chiplet.

Abstract: A digital display device includes a display substrate; an array of pixels formed on the display substrate; an array of driving circuits located on the display substrate, each driving circuit electrically connected to one or more pixels for controlling a pixel current provided to each pixel; an array of computing circuits located on the display substrate, each computing circuit including circuits for signal or image processing and for communicating with neighboring computing circuits; a plurality of electrical conductors formed on the display substrate and connected to each of the driving circuits and digital computing circuits, wherein each computing circuit is connected with an electrical conductor to each of its neighbors in the array of computing circuits; and means for providing an image signal connected to one or more of the electrical conductors.

Abstract: A display securely decrypts an encrypted image signal. Pixels are disposed between the display substrate and cover in a display area, and provide light to a user in response to a drive signal. Control chiplets disposed between the display substrate and cover in the display area are each connected to one or more of the plurality of pixels. Each receives a respective control signal and produce respective drive signal(s) for the connected pixel(s). A decryption chiplet is disposed between the display substrate and cover. It includes means for receiving the encrypted image signal and a decryptor for decrypting the encrypted image signal to produce a respective control signal for each of the control chiplets.

Abstract: A display decompresses an image signal divided spatially into a plurality of algorithm blocks. The display substrate has a display area, and a cover affixed to the display substrate. A plurality of pixels is disposed between the display substrate and cover in the display area for providing light to a user in response to a drive signal. A plurality of control units is disposed between the display substrate and cover in the display area. Each is connected to one or more of the plurality of pixels. Each control unit receives an algorithm block and produce respective drive signal(s) for the connected pixel(s) by decompressing the data in the received algorithm block.

Abstract: Compensation for chromaticity shift of an electroluminescent (EL) emitter having a luminance and a chromaticity that both correspond to current density is performed. Different black, first and second current densities are selected based on a received designated luminance and a selected chromaticity, each current density corresponding to emitted light colorimetrically distinct from the light emitted at the other two current densities. Respective percentages of a selected emission time are calculated for each current density to produce the designated luminance and selected chromaticity. The current densities are provided to the EL emitter for the calculated respective percentages of the emission time so that the integrated light output of the EL emitter during the selected emission time is colorimetrically indistinct from the designated luminance and selected chromaticity.

Abstract: A tiled electroluminescent device that improves light-emission uniformity and reduces reflection from ambient light includes a first and a second electroluminescent device tile, a portion of the edge of the first device tile abutted with a portion of the edge of the second device tile leaving a gap between the first and second device tile edges, each device tile including a substrate, having an optical index and a level of transparency, and an electroluminescent diode for emitting light according to a distribution that is substantially Lambertian, whereby light is directed along an oblique angle to the surface of the substrate of the first tile and through the edge of the first device tile; and a filler located in the gap between the abutting edges of the first and second device tiles, the filler having an optical index and a level of transparency matched to the substrates.

Abstract: An area-emissive light-emitting diode (LED) device comprises a substrate having an internal substrate surface, an external substrate surface opposite the internal substrate surface, and a substrate edge; an array of area-emissive LED pixels formed on the internal substrate surface with an edge gap between the substrate edge and the LED pixel on the internal substrate surface nearest the substrate edge; and a light-extraction structure formed in the edge gap and at least partially exterior to the LED pixels.

Abstract: A method of compensating for changes in the characteristics of transistors and electroluminescent devices in an electroluminescent display, includes: providing an electroluminescent display having a two-dimensional array of subpixels arranged forming each pixel having at least three subpixels of different colors, with each having an electroluminescent device and a drive transistor, wherein each electroluminescent device is driven by the corresponding drive transistor; providing in each pixel a readout circuit for one of the subpixels of a specific color having a first readout transistor and a second readout transistor connected in series; using the readout circuit to derive a correction signal based on the characteristics of at least one of the transistors in the specific color subpixel, or the electroluminescent device in the specific color subpixel, or both; and using the correction signal to adjust the drive signals.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) subpixel, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) subpixel, is compensated for aging effects such as threshold voltage Vth shift, EL voltage Voled shift, and OLED efficiency loss. The drive current of the subpixel is measured at one or more measurement reference gate voltages to form a status signal representing the characteristics of the drive transistor and EL emitter of the subpixel. Current measurements are taken in the linear region of drive transistor operation to improve signal-to-noise ratio in systems such as modern LTPS PMOS OLED displays, which have relatively small Voled shift over their lifetimes and thus relatively small current change due to channel-length modulation. Various sources of noise are also suppressed to further increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A display device having a hybrid drive including a substrate, a two-dimensional pixel array formed on the substrate, the pixels associated into a plurality of pixel groups. A separate set of group row electrodes and group column electrodes are connected to pixels in pixel groups, so that a single group row electrode together with a single group column electrode drives a single pixel. Two or more chiplets are located over the substrate within the pixel array, each chiplet associated with a pixel group and having connections to each of the associated group row electrodes and associated group column electrodes and having storage elements, the storage element storing a value representing a desired luminance for a pixel and the chiplet using such value to control the desired luminance of each pixel in its associated pixel group.

Abstract: Subpixels on an electroluminescent (EL) display panel, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel, are compensated for initial nonuniformity (“mura”) and for aging effects such as threshold voltage Vth shift, EL voltage Voled shift, and OLED efficiency loss. The drive current of each subpixel is measured at one or more measurement reference gate voltages to form status signals representing the characteristics of the drive transistor and EL emitter of those subpixels. Current measurements are taken in the linear region of drive transistor operation to improve signal-to-noise ratio in systems such as modern LTPS PMOS OLED displays, which have relatively small Voled shift over their lifetimes and thus relatively small current change due to channel-length modulation. Various sources of noise are also suppressed to further increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A method of controlling an RGBW electroluminescent display system that receives a three-component input image signal having triplets of intensity values in an image range and a highlight range includes transforming at least one of the triplets having an intensity value within the image range to a four-or-more-component drive signal to produce a luminance less than the sum of the corresponding luminance values of the red, green and blue light-emitting elements and transforming at least one of the intensity values within a triplet having an intensity value within the highlight range to a four-or-more-component drive signal to produce a luminance greater than the sum of the corresponding luminance values of the red, green, and blue light-emitting elements.