Abstract: Pre-formed building studs and a form utilizing such studs for receiving a flowable, hardenable material, for example cementitious material including concrete, for forming building structures such as foundations, walls, floors, roofs, etc. The studs allow passage of the cementitious material therethrough when poured into the form. The form comprises a hollow wall that includes two opposing form panels connected to preformed, flow-through studs, forming fluidly connected sections between each stud. As the cementitious material fills the hollow wall, each section is fluidly joined, allowing the cementitious material to harden and cure to form an integrated solid wall. Each stud includes two elongated parallel members having a flow-through web structure extending between the elongated members. By selecting form panels that are thermal insulators and waterproof, the resulting structure has improved moisture resistance and thermal insulation properties, both during and after the curing process.

Abstract: A cable guide for an impressed current tubular sacrificial anode is a cable conduit sized to enclose and hermetically seal an anode cable and a plurality of spacers removably mounted along the conduit at spaced locations and sized to fit in abutting relationship with the inside wall of an anode body. The cable guide is made from a corrosion resistant fluoropolymer plastic or similar material such as low density polyethylene. The cable guide prevents rebbing, wearing, or other types of abrasive damage that can be sustained by the insulation of the anode cable from the rough end of a partially oxidized tubular anode and protects the cable insulation from corrosive electrolyte solutions.

Abstract: Sacrificial tubular anode structures having a generally centrally located connection. This design gives a uniform metal consumption pattern, thus protecting the electrical connection from premature failure, preventing anode separation due to concentrated metal consumption, and reducing the tendency for gas blocking.