Abstract: A bourdon tube for gas and liquid-filled thermometers and pressure gauges constructed by edge welding two strips of isoelastic nickel alloy to form a wall to wall low volume bourdon tube that exhibits a low ambient temperature effect and improved rangeability over all existing bourdon tubes used for temperature and pressure measurement and control.

Abstract: A dual action stationary exercise cycle providing independent upper and lower body exercising capability. The cycle, in one embodiment, provides a foot actuated lower body exercising apparatus including multi-sprocket, multi-chain, freewheel, flywheel resulting in a high ratio of flywheel rotation per pedal cranking. Also embraced in the lower body exercising device is an adjustable braking apparatus communicating with the flywheel to provide variable resistance to flywheel rotation which in turn varies the pedaling force required to propel the flywheel. The upper body exercising component of the cycle incorporates a handlebar assembly wherein the handlebar is rotatably connected to a stem and coacts with a variable resistance, piston-cylinder which imparts a force resistive to rotational movement of the handlebar in either the forward or the rearward direction or independently to both forward and rearward directions.

Abstract: A highly efficient sailboard shape has a full displacement form for efficient light and upwind sailing and has an efficient planing form for high wind sailing with the conversion from displacement to planing forms caused by the buoyance reaction to aftward weight shift.

Abstract: A low drag and high lift sail has a fabric skin suspended by an edge tension device able to control forward and trailing edge tension to tune and reverse the airfoil section. The fabric skin is double, with a windward and lee section of different curvatures giving the airfoil section thickness. The sail is supported by a mast and a curved boom located between the two fabric sections and thus is out of the impinging air stream. The ends of the boom are used for the sail support, usually with an additional external spar or spars on the windward side. The mast includes a foot which is either fixed or attached by a universal joint to a craft for motive power.