Abstract: Compounds are provided having the formula including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1 is lower alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl; A is hydrogen or B is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, or but when A is hydrogen, B may only be R2, R2′, R2″, R3 R3′ and R3″ are as defined herein; m is 0−3. These compounds possess activity at the beta 3 adrenergic receptor in mammals and are useful in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, depression, achalasia and intestinal hypermotility disorders.

Abstract: The glycinamide of the formula is reacted with the dioxolane of the formula wherein L is a leaving group such as iodo, bromo, alkylsulfonyloxy, or arylsulfonyloxy to give the dioxolane of the formula Treating the dioxolane of formula III under aqueous refluxing conditions followed by exchanging the dioxolane acetal with a dimethoxy acetal and introduction of the methyl ester gives (S)-2-amino-6,6-dimethoxyhexanoic acid, methyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the dual inhibitor [4S-[4&agr;(R*),7&agr;,10a&bgr;]]-octahydro-4-[(2-mercapto-1-oxo-3-phenylpropyl)-amino]-5-oxo-7H-pyrido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazepine-7-carboxylic acid. Also disclosed are storage stable salts of (S)-2-amino-6, 6-dimethoxyhexanoic acid, methyl ester.

Abstract: The glycinamide of the formula is reacted with the dioxolane of the formula wherein L is a leaving group such as iodo, bromo, alkylsulfonyloxy, or arylsulfonyloxy to give the dioxolane of the formula Treating the dioxolane of formula III under aqueous refluxing conditions followed by exchanging the dioxolane acetal with a dimethoxy acetal and introduction of the methyl ester gives (S)-2-amino-6,6-dimethoxyhexanoic acid, methyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the dual inhibitor [4S-[4&agr;(R*),7&agr;, 10a&bgr;]]-)octahydro-4-[(2-mercapto-1-oxo-3-phenylpropy)-amino]-5-oxo-7H-pyrido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazepine-7-carboxylic acid. Also disclosed are storage stable salts of (S)-2-amino-6,6-dimethoxyhexanoic acid, methyl ester.

Abstract: The glycinamide of the formula (I) ##STR1## is reacted with the dioxolane of the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein L is a leaving group such as iodo, bromo, alkylsulfonyloxy, or arylsulfonyloxy to give the dioxolane of the formula (III) ##STR3## Treatment of (III) gives the dioxolane pentanoic acid IV ##STR4## which can be converted to (S)-2-amino-6,6-dimethoxyhexanoic acid, methyl ester.

Abstract: A purine salt of the formula ##STR1## wherein Y.sub.1 is chloro, bromo, or iodo, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently selected from alkyl and substituted alkyl is reacted with the compound of the formulaZ.sub.1 --Xto yield the purine of the formula ##STR2## wherein x is a leaving group, and Z.sub.1 is a protected form of the carbohydrate surrogate Z.

Abstract: (1R,trans) Diprotected 3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedimethanol is oxidized to an optically active diol ##STR1## which is then cyclized to an orthoester ##STR2## This orthoester is then treated with a Lewis acid catalyst to give the cyclobutanone ##STR3## which is useful as an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent ?1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)!-2-amino-9-?2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl!-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one.

Abstract: A method of preparing compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which comprises converting a compound of the formula ##STR2## where the R.sup.2 substituent contains a hydrogen atom which is more acidic than the starred (*) hydrogen atom in formula II, to the corresponding dianion of formula ##STR3## where M is a counterion preferably lithium or magnesium, using two equivalents of a base in an inert solvent such as tetrahydrofuran; then reacting compounds of formula IIA with an epoxide of formula ##STR4## to produce the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Homocysteine analogs of the formula ##STR1## wherein P.sub.1 is a nitrogen protecting group and R.sub.6 is alkyl, substituted alkyl or benzyl are prepared by esterifying N-protected L-methionine, oxidizing, treating the resulting sulfoxide with an acid anhydride, treating the resulting product with an alkali metal hydroxide followed by removal of formaldehyde and the treatment with an acid anhydride or acid halide. The L-homocysteine analogs are useful as intermediates in the preparation of compounds containing a fused bicyclic ring.

Abstract: A purine salt of the formula ##STR1## wherein Y.sub.1 is chloro, bromo, or iodo, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently selected from alkyl and substituted alkyl.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula ##STR1## where a, b, c, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are as defined herein including the step of alkylating a phenol of formula ##STR2## with an acetylene of formula ##STR3## where X is chlorine; bromine; --OC(O)--R.sub.5, where R.sub.5 is alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl; or --OCO.sub.2 R.sub.6, where R.sub.6 is alkyl or ##STR4## in the presence of a catalytic amount of a cuprous or cupric salt. The compounds of formula I are intermediates useful in the preparation of pyranyl cyanoguanidine derivatives.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+) -.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylene -cyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzyl-amine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula ##STR1## where a, b, c, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are as defined herein including the step of alkylating a phenol of formula ##STR2## with an acetylene of formula ##STR3## where X is chlorine; bromine; --OC(O)--R.sub.5, where R.sub.5 is alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl; or --OCO.sub.2 R.sub.6, where R.sub.6 is alkyl or ##STR4## in the presence of a catalytic amount of a cuprous or cupric salt. The compounds of formula I are intermediates useful in the preparation of pyranyl cyanoguanidine derivatives.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylenecyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylenecyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylene-cyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylenecyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobut yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: Racemic Feist's acid is treated with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine to yield (1R-trans)-3-methylenecyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, (R)-.alpha.-methylbenzylamine (1:1) salt. This salt can then be converted to (1R-trans)-3-methylene-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester which is an intermediate in the preparation of the antiviral agent [1R-(1.alpha.,2.beta., 3.alpha.)]-2-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-pur in-6-one. The improved process also enables the recovery of racemic Feist's acid from the resolution.

Abstract: Novel intermediates for preparing 2-oxo-1-[[(substituted sulfonyl)-amino]carbonyl]azetidines are disclosed. These intermediates have the formula ##STR1## wherein Prot is as defined herein.

Abstract: An improved process for making compounds having the formula ##STR1## includes subjecting an intermediate of the formula ##STR2## to hydrogenolysis in the presence of a ketonic solvent so as to simultaneously remove both Z-protecting groups from compound II while selectively reprotecting the --A.sub.1 --NH.sub.

Abstract: Aminopeptidase inhibitory activity is exhibited by compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, carboxyalkyl, halo-substituted alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, mercaptoalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, (cycloalkyl)alkyl, (heteroaryl)alkyl, arylalkyl, carbamoylalkyl, guanidinylalkyl or heteroaryl; andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl.