Abstract: In a method of reinforcing a pipe, a water penetration resistant layer and strengthening layer of fibrous material are impregnated with a curable polymer, positioned in a lining position near the pipe, and cured to form a water penetration resistant liner and a strengthening liner. The two layers can be impregnated and positioned separately or at once, for example, as a composite liner. Together, the liners provide a waterproof barrier and structural reinforcement to the resulting pipe. In a method of waterproofing a reinforced pipe, a water penetration resistant layer is impregnated with curable polymer, positioned over a previously installed reinforcing liner, and cured to form a waterproof barrier inhibiting ground water egress into the pipe. In certain embodiments of the methods, the water penetration resistant layer includes fibers woven in one of a satin weave and a twill weave.

Abstract: A structural fabric suitable for lining pipes and pipes lined with the structural fabric. The fabric includes a strengthening layer laminated to a watertight layer. The strengthening layer may include carbon fiber bundles stitched to a watertight layer of woven glass fibers. In some embodiments, the strengthening layer includes lengthwise oriented carbon fiber bundles and widthwise oriented carbon fiber bundles bound together in a non-woven, non-crimp arrangement. The widthwise oriented bundles can have about three-times greater weight per unit area than the lengthwise oriented bundles. The watertight layer provides a watertight barrier when impregnated with the curable polymer, applied to the interior surface of the pipe, and cured. The watertight layer may include lengthwise and widthwise oriented bundles of glass fiber woven into one of a satin and twill weave.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for lining a host pipe in which a liner is positioned on a carrier tube at a work site. The liner and carrier tube are separately positioned at the work site near a first access point to the host pipe. Ends of the liner and carrier tube are fed through a folding die, and the liner and carrier tube are pulled conjointly through the folding die into the host pipe. As the liner and carrier tube are pulled, the folding die folds the liner to wrap the liner around the carrier tube. In some embodiments, the folding die includes an inner slot for receiving the carrier tube and an outer slot for receiving the liner. The outer slot includes first and second overlapping sections. Portions of the liner received in the overlapping sections are positioned in overlapping engagement as the liner is pulled through the die.

Abstract: A structural fabric suitable for lining pipes and pipes lined with the structural fabric. The fabric includes a strengthening layer laminated to a watertight layer. The strengthening layer may include carbon fiber bundles stitched to a watertight layer of woven glass fibers. In some embodiments, the strengthening layer includes lengthwise oriented carbon fiber bundles and widthwise oriented carbon fiber bundles bound together in a non-woven, non-crimp arrangement. The widthwise oriented bundles can have about three-times greater weight per unit area than the lengthwise oriented bundles. The watertight layer provides a watertight barrier when impregnated with the curable polymer, applied to the interior surface of the pipe, and cured. The watertight layer may include lengthwise and widthwise oriented bundles of glass fiber woven into one of a satin and twill weave.

Abstract: In a method of reinforcing a pipe, a water penetration resistant layer and strengthening layer of fibrous material are impregnated with a curable polymer, positioned in a lining position near the pipe, and cured to form a water penetration resistant liner and a strengthening liner. The two layers can be impregnated and positioned separately or at once, for example, as a composite liner. Together, the liners provide a waterproof barrier and structural reinforcement to the resulting pipe. In a method of waterproofing a reinforced pipe, a water penetration resistant layer is impregnated with curable polymer, positioned over a previously installed reinforcing liner, and cured to form a waterproof barrier inhibiting ground water egress into the pipe. In certain embodiments of the methods, the water penetration resistant layer includes fibers woven in one of a satin weave and a twill weave.