Abstract: Aqueous pigmented coating formulations for improving opacity and processes for their manufacture are disclosed. Specifically, the aqueous pigmented coating formulations comprise an acylated lecithin that comprises a chemically modified lecithin and less than 10% (by total weight acylated lecithin) free fatty acid. Additionally, the acylated lecithin is substantially free of fatty acid esters and surfactants. The acylated lecithin provides an increase in opacity to paper and paperboard coated with the aqueous pigmented coating formulation.

Abstract: Aqueous pigmented coating formulations for improving opacity and processes for their manufacture are disclosed. Specifically, the aqueous pigmented coating formulations comprise an acylated lecithin that comprises a chemically modified lecithin and less than 10% (by total weight acylated lecithin) free fatty acid. Additionally, the acylated lecithin is substantially free of fatty acid esters and surfactants. The acylated lecithin provides an increase in opacity to paper and paperboard coated with the aqueous pigmented coating formulation.

Abstract: An improved lecithin product is provided by a process for extracting oil and/or sugar from crude lecithin. The improved lecithin product has up to about 75 wt. %, phospholipids, and an oil and sugar content of about 10 wt. % or less. The improved lecithin product may have acetone insolubles content of more than about 68, and sugar content of less than about 1.0 wt. %. The process provided involves extracting oil and/or sugar from crude lecithin using blends of ethanol and water in two extraction steps. The method includes: providing a crude lecithin material; mixing the crude lecithin material with a blend of ethanol and water in a first extraction step; collecting the residue from the first extraction step; mixing the residue from the first extraction step with a blend of ethanol and water in a second extraction step; and collecting the residue from the second extraction step as an improved lecithin product.