Abstract: There is a need for solutions that generates a temporally dynamic prediction for a particular prediction input. This need can be addressed by, for example, processing the prediction input using each of a plurality of temporally trained machine learning models to generate a corresponding model-specific prediction inference of a plurality of model-specific prediction inferences and processing the plurality of model-specific prediction inferences using an ensemble model to generate the temporally dynamic prediction for the prediction input.

Abstract: An exemplary method includes of operating a fuel cell at a first power output level that includes a plurality of operation parameters. Each operation parameter has a value to satisfy a first power demand. A change between the first power demand and a second power demand is determined. At least a first one of the operation parameters is maintained at a value corresponding to the first power output level or at an intermediate value while at least a second one of the operation parameters is changed to a value corresponding to a second power output level to satisfy the second power demand. The first operation parameter is delayed from changing to a value corresponding to the second power output level until a predetermined criterion is met.

Abstract: Battery cartridges are disclosed that include a housing having a plurality of air access openings configured to selectively control flow of air into the housing; and at least two adjacent metal-air electrochemical cells within the housing, each electrochemical cell having an outer gas permeable barrier membrane layer that defines the exterior surface of the electrochemical cell; wherein there is a gap between adjacent electrochemical cells in the housing and wherein the air access openings in the housing are positioned over or partially overlapping each gap.

Abstract: Fuel cell systems (100, 400) and related methods involving accumulators (106, 200, 300, 406) with multiple regions (R1, R2; R1?, R2?) of differing water fill rates are provided. At least one accumulator region with a relatively more-rapid fill rate (R2; R2?) than another accumulator region (R1; R1?) is drained of water at shutdown under freezing conditions to allow at least that region to be free of water and ice. That region is then available to receive water from and supply water to, a fuel cell (102; 402) nominally upon start-up. The region having the relatively more-rapid fill rate (R2; R2?) may typically be of relatively lesser volume, and may be positioned either relatively below or relatively above the other region(s).

Abstract: A method of operating an engine for a vehicle includes operating the cylinder to achieve controlled autoignition of an air and a fuel mixture within the cylinder. During a transient condition, such as a gear change, an exhaust throttle is adjusted to maintain controlled autoignition within the cylinder. In this way, it is possible to sustain autoignition operation throughout the gear change.

Abstract: A method for controlling an engine and a supplemental torque apparatus of a vehicle, such as a hybrid vehicle. During a transient gear change where the engine temporarily encounters a low load and low speed operating condition, the system increases loading on the engine via the supplemental torque apparatus so that a cylinder can continue auto-ignition combustion.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine having an adjustable balance shaft may comprise adjusting operation of the balance shaft during engine operation in response to an engine combustion mode. For example, balance shafts may be disabled during SI mode and enabled during HCCI mode. Various alternative examples may also be used.

Abstract: A non-hermetically sealed, electrochemical power source, includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a membrane in fluid communication with an environment external to the battery. The second electrode is between the separator and the membrane. The membrane includes a first portion having a different property, e.g., density, porosity, mass transport resistance, thickness, or gas permeability, than a second portion of the membrane. Methods of designing an electrochemical cell cartridge are also disclosed.

Abstract: A battery includes a cathode having an interior surface and an exterior surface, and defining a cavity and two open ends; a separator disposed adjacent to the interior surface of the cathode; an anode disposed adjacent to the separator and inside the cavity; an air-permeable, liquid-impermeable barrier layer disposed adjacent to the exterior surface of the cathode, and defining an exterior surface of the battery; two end members connected to the open ends of the cathode; and an anode current collector extending through the two end members. Methods designed such a battery is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine having an adjustable balance shaft may comprise adjusting operation of the balance shaft during engine operation in response to an engine combustion mode. For example, balance shafts may be disabled during SI mode and enabled during HCCI mode. Various alternative examples may also be used.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine for a vehicle having at least one cylinder and an exhaust passage communicatively coupled to the cylinder including at least one exhaust throttle disposed therein downstream of the cylinder, the method comprising of operating the cylinder to achieve controlled autoignition of an air and a fuel mixture within the cylinder, during a first transient condition, adjusting at least the exhaust throttle to maintain controlled autoignition within the cylinder, and during a second transient condition, adjusting at least an actuator other than the exhaust throttle to maintain controlled autoignition within the cylinder, where said first transient condition is of a shorter duration than said second transient condition.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell or cell system includes an air mover, such as a fan, and one or more pressure-sensitive mechanisms, such as a slit valve, that allow air to enter or to exit the cell or system.

Abstract: A method for controlling an engine and a supplemental torque apparatus of a vehicle, the vehicle having a transmission coupled to the engine, the method comprising of operating at least one cylinder with at least partial auto-ignition combustion, and during a transient gear change where the engine temporarily encounters a low load and low speed operating condition, increasing loading on the engine via the supplemental torque apparatus so that the at least one cylinder may remain operating with at least partial auto-ignition combustion.

Abstract: A non-hermetically sealed, electrochemical power source, includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a membrane in fluid communication with an environment external to the battery. The second electrode is between the separator and the membrane. The membrane includes a first portion having a different property, e.g., density, porosity, mass transport resistance, thickness, or gas permeability, than a second portion of the membrane. Methods of designing an electrochemical cell cartridge are also disclosed.

Abstract: A non-hermetically sealed, electrochemical power source, includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a membrane in fluid communication with an environment external to the battery. The second electrode is between the separator and the membrane. The membrane includes a first portion having a different property, e.g., density, porosity, mass transport resistance, thickness, or gas permeability, than a second portion of the membrane. Methods of designing an electrochemical cell cartridge are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell or cell system includes an air mover, such as a fan, and one or more pressure-sensitive mechanisms, such as a slit valve, that allow air to enter or to exit the cell or system.

Abstract: A non-hermetically sealed, electrochemical power source, includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a membrane in fluid communication with an environment external to the battery. The second electrode is between the separator and the membrane. The membrane includes a first portion having a different property, e.g., density, porosity, mass transport resistance, thickness, or gas permeability, than a second portion of the membrane. Methods of designing an electrochemical cell cartridge are also disclosed.