Abstract: To minimize stress variations applied to mother glasses when a glass sealing material is melted via a laser to combine the mother glasses, a method of manufacturing a flat panel display device includes providing a plurality of emission units between a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first substrates faces the second substrate and each emission unit forms a unit display device; providing a plurality of walls between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein each wall respectively surrounds one of the emission units; irradiating a laser beam onto the walls, wherein the laser beam is simultaneously irradiated to wall portions aligned in a row in a first direction; scanning the laser beam in a second direction, wherein the second direction is different from the first direction to irradiate other wall portions of the plurality of walls; and cutting the first and second substrates to obtain individual display devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an integrated vehicle control system, which eliminates the possibility of interfering with motion control devices and is capable of accurately controlling the targeted behavior of a vehicle.

Abstract: Provided are a switching circuit and a small-size high-efficiency direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) converter for portable devices including the same. Using dynamic threshold-complementary metal oxide semiconductor (DT-CMOS) transistors having dynamic threshold voltages as a switching device, the switching circuit maintains a low threshold voltage in a normal mode to improve current drivability while reducing conduction loss, and maintains a high threshold voltage in a standby mode to minimize power consumption. When the switching circuit is employed in a DC-DC converter, power conversion efficiency can be improved by reducing conduction loss in the normal mode, and power consumption can be minimized in the standby mode. Consequently, the DC-DC converter can maximize a use time of a battery of a portable device and can be useful in power supplies of portable devices that are gradually being miniaturized.

Abstract: Provided are a memory system and an integrated management method for a plurality of direct memory access (DMA) channels. The memory system includes a memory controller exchanging data with a memory and having a plurality of channels physically separated from each other, and a DMA controller having a plurality of DMA channels physically separated from each other and in contact with the plurality of channels of the memory controller, and exchanging data with the memory via the plurality of DMA channels and the memory controller.

Abstract: Disclosed are an MEMS type semiconductor gas sensor using a microheater having many holes and a method for manufacturing the same. The MEMS type semiconductor gas sensor includes: a substrate of which a central region is etched with a predetermined thickness; a second membrane formed at an upper portion of the central region of the substrate and having many holes; a heat emitting resistor formed on the second membrane and having many holes; a first membrane formed on the second membrane including the heat emitting resistor and having many holes; a sensing electrode formed on the first membrane and having many holes; and a sensing material formed on the sensing electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) microphone and a method of manufacturing the same. A manufacturing process is simplified compared to a conventional art using both upper and lower substrate processes. Since defects which may occur during manufacturing are reduced due to the simplified manufacturing process, the manufacturing throughput is improved, and since durability of the MEMS microphone is improved, system stability against the external environment is improved.

Abstract: An LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided. The LC VCO includes an LC resonant circuit including at least one inductor whose both terminals are connected to output nodes and at least one capacitor connected in parallel with the inductor, and an amplifier circuit including at least one pair of switching transistors. Here, drains of the pair of switching transistors are connected to the output nodes respectively, and gates of the switching transistors are connected with the drains through a variable capacitance block exhibiting different characteristics according to an input signal.

Abstract: Provided are a thermoelectric device, a thermoelectric device module, and a method of forming the thermoelectric device. The thermoelectric device includes a first conductive type first semiconductor nanowire including at least one first barrier region; a second conductive type second semiconductor nanowire including at least one second barrier region; a first electrode connected to one end of the first semiconductor nanowire; a second electrode connected to one end of the second semiconductor nanowire; and a common electrode connected to the other end of the first semiconductor nanowire and the other end of the second semiconductor nanowire. The first barrier region is greater than the first semiconductor nanowire in thermal conductivity, and the second barrier region is greater than the second semiconductor nanowire in thermal conductivity.

Abstract: Provided are a memory system and an integrated management method for a plurality of direct memory access (DMA) channels. The memory system includes a memory controller exchanging data with a memory and having a plurality of channels physically separated from each other, and a DMA controller having a plurality of DMA channels physically separated from each other and in contact with the plurality of channels of the memory controller, and exchanging data with the memory via the plurality of DMA channels and the memory controller.

Abstract: With the present invention, two wafers for a solar cell only whose light receiving surfaces are selectively etched can be simultaneously obtained by overlapping the two wafers and performing a single-sided etching or an asymmetric etching thereon. The present invention provides a method of etching a wafer comprising: performing a single-sided etching or an asymmetric etching on the wafer, wherein the performing the single-sided etching or the asymmetric etching comprises: overlapping two wafers whose one sides face each other; and etching the overlapped two wafers, and a solar cell including the etched wafers.

Abstract: Provided are a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) microphone and a method of manufacturing the same. A manufacturing process is simplified compared to a conventional art using both upper and lower substrate processes. Since defects which may occur during manufacturing are reduced due to the simplified manufacturing process, the manufacturing throughput is improved, and since durability of the MEMS microphone is improved, system stability against the external environment is improved.

Abstract: Provided is a low power consumption processor. The processor includes: a plurality of blocks; a memory storing instructions that control each of the plurality of blocks; and a multi power controller generates a signal that activates at least one of the plurality of blocks according to an address storing the instruction, and provides a normal power voltage or a reduction power voltage in response to the activation signal.

Abstract: Provided are a multiple-gate MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor and a method of manufacturing the same. The transistor includes a single crystalline active region having a channel region having an upper portion of a streamlined shape (?) obtained by patterning an upper portion of a bulk silicon substrate with an embossed pattern, and having a thicker and wider area than the channel region; a nitride layer formed at both side surfaces of the single crystalline active region to expose an upper portion of the single crystalline active region at a predetermined height; and a gate electrode formed to be overlaid with the exposed upper portion of the single crystalline active region of the channel region.

Abstract: Provided are a reconfigurable arithmetic unit and a processor having the same. The reconfigurable arithmetic unit can perform an addition operation or a multiplication operation according to an instruction by sharing an adder. The reconfigurable arithmetic unit includes a booth encoder for encoding a multiplier, a partial product generator for generating a plurality of partial products using the encoded multiplier and a multiplicand, a Wallace tree circuit for compressing the partial products into a first partial product and a second partial product, a first Multiplexer (MUX) for selecting and outputting one of the first partial product and a first addition input according to a selection signal, a second MUX for selecting and outputting one of the second partial product and a second addition input according to the selection signal, and a Carry Propagation Adder (CPA) for adding an output of the first MUX and an output of the second MUX to output an operation result.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for collecting environmental data and a method of monitoring an environment in real time. The apparatus for collecting environmental data includes a receiver for receiving an environmental data collection command from outside, a headset controller for interpreting the environmental data collection command received from the receiver, and distinguishing an audio signal received from outside from the environmental data collection command, the environment sensor unit for collecting environmental data according to the environmental data collection command interpreted from the headset controller, and a transmitter for transmitting the environmental data collected by the environment sensor unit.

Abstract: A piezoelectric microphone, a speaker, a microphone-speaker integrated device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The microphone-speaker integrated device includes a silicon substrate and an insulating layer deposited on the silicon substrate; a piezoelectric plate formed on the insulating layer; and a mating electrode formed on the piezoelectric plate. The mating electrode is patterned with a polarity arrayed in series.

Abstract: Provided is a dual sampling/pixel gain amplifier (CDS/PxGA) circuit with a shared amplifier, and more particularly, to a dual CDS/PxGA circuit for adjusting a gain of an amplifier based on capacitance. The dual CDS/PxGA circuit comprises: a first sampler for sampling a reset level and a data level of a first pixel; a second sampler for sampling a reset level and a data level of a second pixel; and an operational amplifier for receiving sampling values from the first and second samplers, calculating output signals of the first and second pixels using the sampling values, and amplifying the calculated output signals. Thus, it is possible to reduce a speed of an operational amplifier by using the dual CDS/PxGA structure, reduce power consumption by sharing the operational amplifier, and obtain a variable gain of a wide range by adjusting capacitance using a capacitor array.

Abstract: Provided is a forced acoustic dipole capable of regulating phases and acoustic pressures of first and second acoustic signals output from first and second pole speakers to freely steer the direction of an acoustic lobe. In addition, a forced acoustic multipole array is constituted by a plurality of forced acoustic dipoles. When the phases and acoustic pressures of the first and second acoustic signals output from the forced acoustic dipoles are regulated to steer an acoustic lobe in a specific direction, sound can be heard from a desired direction only without disturbing others.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to new methods for combining, processing, and modifying existing materials, resulting in novel products with enhanced mechanical, electrical and electronic properties. The present invention provides for polymer/carbon nanotube composites with increased strength and toughness; beneficial for lighter and/or stronger structural components for terrestrial and aerospace applications, electrically and thermally conductive polymer composites, and electrostatic dissipative materials. Such composites rely on a molecular interpenetration between entangled single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and cross-linked polymers to a degree not possible with previous processes.

Abstract: A transmission and a motor or non-motor type transport device including a cross-coupling power train using the transmission, such as chainless bicycle or wagon with two or four wheels are disclosed. The transmission includes a coarse adjustment gearshift of internal gear type and a fine adjustment gearshift of differential gear type which are mounted on a main shaft to change the speed and are selectively connected to each other by a shift lever to provide low-speed rotation and high-speed rotation.