Abstract: An operating method of a memory controller, configured to control a non-volatile memory device that performs a refresh read operation, detects a power on state or power off state of the non-volatile memory device and issues a refresh read command. The non-volatile memory device that receives the refresh read command is controlled to perform, one time, the refresh read operation including a read operation on one of a plurality of word lines with respect to each of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A fastening apparatus for a battery terminal case includes a main body having open upper and side portions configured to hold a battery terminal therein, a side body coupled to the open side portion of the main body, and an upper cover, hingedly coupled to the side body, provided at the open upper portion of the main body. Hinge protrusions are formed on opposing sides of one of the side body and the upper cover. Hinge holes are formed on opposing sides of the other one of the side body and the upper cover. The hinge holes are configured to receive the hinge protrusions therein.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device including first and second memory regions includes adjusting a write ratio of the first memory region to the second memory region for write data received from a host in response to a write request from the host, and writing the write data to the first and second memory regions at the adjusted write ratio. The first memory region includes memory cells having a first write speed, and the second memory region includes memory cells having a second write speed that is different from the first write speed.

Abstract: A method of providing special functions includes receiving from a host a first normal command and a first address, and identifying a first special function based on the first normal command and the first address when the first address is in an address range established for special functions according to a predefined rule.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of bonding wire between first and second bonding points with a bonding tool. It comprises the steps of forming a first bond at the first bonding point with the bonding tool, forming a first kink located over the first bond, and moving the bonding tool to a first position spaced from the first kink by a predetermined distance to release a length of wire from the bonding tool. It further comprises the step of moving the bonding tool in a direction away from the second bonding point to a second position which is outside a plane comprising the first bonding point, the second bonding point, and the first kink. It also comprises the steps of forming a second kink which lies outside the plane, and moving the bonding tool to the second bonding point to form a second bond.

Abstract: An operating method of a memory controller, configured to control a non-volatile memory device that performs a refresh read operation, detects a power on state or power off state of the non-volatile memory device and issues a refresh read command. The non-volatile memory device that receives the refresh read command is controlled to perform, one time, the refresh read operation including a read operation on one of a plurality of word lines with respect to each of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gateway device including a communication interface provided with a plurality of channels capable of connecting to an external device; a switch unit configured to determine a connection state between the plurality of channels; and a controller configured to group a Controller Area Network (CAN) signal, which is received from a first external device connected to a first channel among the plurality of channels, into a message frame, and when an identifier of the message frame is included in a pre-determined high-speed transmission identifier group, configured to control the switch unit so that a second channel to which a second external device corresponding to the identifier is connected, is connected to the first channel.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a first area of single-level cells (SLCs) and a second area of multi-level cells (MLCs). The device determines whether a free block can be created by copying data between memory blocks of the first area. Upon determining that the free memory block can be created by copying data between the memory blocks of the first area, the device copies the data between the memory blocks of the first area to create the free memory block. Otherwise, the device selects at least one memory block from the first area and allocates the selected memory block as free memory block by copying the data stored in the selected memory block of the first area to the second area.

Abstract: A method and system for providing target information through an application list includes collecting user identifiers to identify each users and application lists of applications installed on terminals of the users; extracting text information using the application list for the user identifiers; and selecting a user identifier having text information corresponding to a keyword from among the user identifiers.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device has a first processing unit, a second processing unit, an external interface, and a control program controlling the first processing unit and the second processing unit, and in communication with the external interface. The first processing unit is configured to respond to a reset signal from the external interface by transmitting an answer-to-reset (ATR) to the external interface. When the first processing unit implements an initialization process, the control program makes a determination as to whether a shutdown state flag is set. In response to detecting the shutdown state flag set, the control program controls the second processing unit to transmit to the external interface diagnostic data of the integrated circuit device.

Abstract: A method of repairing a storage device including a non-volatile memory includes powering on the storage device, performing a booting sequence, determining whether an error has occurred during the booting sequence or during a normal mode, writing a failure signature to a predetermined signature address in the non-volatile memory upon determining that the error has occurred, reporting a failure to a host upon writing the failure signature, entering into a repair mode upon reporting the failure, and operating in the normal mode upon determining that the error has not occurred.

Abstract: A user interface for an induction heating cooker, a method of controlling the same and an induction heating cooker thereof are provided. The user interface, if a drag touch signal of a drag touch from one position to another position on a display unit is sensed, is configured to change power levels of all of coils in operation to a predetermined reference power level and displays the changed power level. The induction heating cooker is configured to supply the coils with a power corresponding to the reference power level, thereby controlling all of the coils with one drag touch and enabling enhanced security while in a rapid manner.

Abstract: A fastening-type pipe supporting apparatus capable of supporting a curved pipe against loads acting on a curved portion of the pipe via clamps having curved surfaces and being easily attached to and detached from the curved portion of the pipe. The fastening-type pipe supporting apparatus includes: a first clamp having a semicircular cross-sectional shape and a curved surface with a curvature to surround the curved portion of a pipe; a second clamp having a semicircular cross-sectional shape and a curved surface with a curvature to surround the curved portion of the pipe, the second clamp being coupled to the first clamp; a connection bolt coupling the first clamp with the second clamp; and a washer placed around the connection bolt.

Abstract: A user interface for an induction heating cooker, a method of controlling the same and an induction heating cooker thereof are provided. The user interface, if a drag touch signal of a drag touch from one position to another position on a display unit is sensed, is configured to change power levels of all of coils in operation to a predetermined reference power level and displays the changed power level. The induction heating cooker is configured to supply the coils with a power corresponding to the reference power level, thereby controlling all of the coils with one drag touch and enabling enhanced security while in a rapid manner.

Abstract: A circuit device for power compensation in an integrated controller configured by integrating two or more different electronic control modules, which enable any one of the electronic control modules to receive power supplied from another electronic control module even though an abnormal operation occurs in the electronic control module. That is, the circuit device provides for power compensation in an integrated controller configured by integrating two or more different electronic control modules respectively having independent power circuits, which enable any one of the electronic control modules to immediately receive power supplied from another electronic control module even though an abnormal operation occurs in the electronic control module, thereby easily preventing the abnormal operation of the integrated controller.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gateway device including a communication interface provided with a plurality of channels capable of connecting to an external device; a switch unit configured to determine a connection state between the plurality of channels; and a controller configured to group a Controller Area Network (CAN) signal, which is received from a first external device connected to a first channel among the plurality of channels, into a message frame, and when an identifier of the message frame is included in a pre-determined high-speed transmission identifier group, configured to control the switch unit so that a second channel to which a second external device corresponding to the identifier is connected, is connected to the first channel.

Abstract: In a memory system including a flash memory and a memory controller having a cache memory and a nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM), a method of operating the memory system includes; receiving a write request specifying a write operation directed to a page of a designated active write block in the flash memory, storing a page mapping table for the active write block in the cache memory, generating update information for the page mapping table stored in the cache memory as a result of executing the write operation, and storing the update information in the NVRAM, and storing an updated version of the page mapping table in the flash memory after execution of the write operation is complete.