Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a radiation pattern of an active antenna arrangement is provided, where the active antenna arrangement includes one or more radios having dedicated antenna elements in communication with each other. The apparatus has a common module external to the active antenna arrangement and a calibration radio, which is also external to the active antenna arrangement and coupled to the common module. The common module includes a transmit/receive unit and interfacing means for interfacing the common module with the active antenna arrangement, with the calibration radio and with a network node. The common module further includes a measurement device for measuring signals received from the active antenna arrangement.

Abstract: A dielectric body is provided with at least two coupling structures for coupling in and coupling out electronic signals, and one or more conductors on surface portions of the body. An outer surface of the body includes one or more indentations. The coupling structure includes a coupling conductor for signal input and/or output, and in relation to an end portion of the conductor a coupling hole extending from the first surface and/or from a second surface opposite the first surface into the body.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an antenna uses a first and a second antenna element arranged in an array, and a calibration probe that is fixedly located substantially at a phase center of the first and second antenna elements. Phase and amplitude of a signal at each of the first and second antenna elements is measured at the calibration probe. A phase error is determined from a difference between the measured phases, and an amplitude error is determined from a difference between the measured amplitudes. For reception, the phase and amplitude error is applied to align the phases and amplitudes of the signals received at the first and second antenna elements. For transmission, the phase and amplitude error is applied to one signal prior to transmitting parallel signals from both antenna elements. Details are shown for finding the phase center as well as applying the phase and amplitude differences.