Abstract: A system and method for determining a patient's suitability for a proposed surgical procedure is disclosed in which a simulated, procedure specific, whole-body, hemodynamic profile of an individual patient is obtained using a whole-body hemodynamic simulation module operating on a digital processor using a patient specific, whole-body, hemodynamic calculation parameter set. This is used by a trained clinician to evaluate whether the patient is a suitable candidate to undergo the proposed surgery. The patient specific, whole-body, hemodynamic calculation parameter set is obtained by optimizing a generic, whole-body, hemodynamic calculation parameter set. Optimization is done automatically by adjusting the generic, whole-body, hemodynamic calculation parameter set based on the comparison of simulated, whole-body, profiles corresponding to measured hemodynamic profiles of the patient in a non-operation situation. The automatic adjustment is guided by a Damped Least Squares Method and related algorithms.

Abstract: The instrument has a working insert which may be inserted into a coupling housing sitting on the proximal side on an instrument shank and is releasably connectable to said housing and which includes a seal, carried by a carrier, which has at least one elastic socket for the sealed leading-through of auxiliary instruments and which seals a first axial passage formed in the carrier with respect to the coupling housing. The seal consists of a base body which is located in a holder and which with each socket forms a one-piece component of elastic material, and the holder includes an arrangement for the releasable connection to the carrier.