Abstract: Novel acyl urea, thiourea, carbamate, thiocarbamate and related compounds are provided which are effective in inhibiting the cytokine-mediated inflammatory response in cultured cells, in ameliorating bone destruction in an animal model of arthritis and in lowering blood glucose levels in animal models of Type II diabetes mellitus. The compounds are disclosed as useful for a variety of treatments including the treatment of diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, inflammation, inflammatory, diseases, immunological diseases and cancer.

Abstract: Novel acyl urea, thiourea, carbamate, thiocarbamate and related compounds are provided which are effective in inhibiting the cytokine-mediated inflammatory response in cultured cells, in ameliorating bone destruction in an animal model of arthritis and in lowering blood glucose levels in animal models of Type II diabetes mellitus. The compounds are disclosed as useful for a variety of treatments including the treatment of diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, inflammation, inflammatory diseases, immunological diseases and cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel, powerful reducing agents, lithium aminoborohydrides which are prepared by addition of BH.sub.3 .cndot.THF to the corresponding dialkylamine at 25.degree. C. to give the intermediate amineborane complex. Subsequent deprotonation by strong base, e.g. n-BuLi, yields the aminoborohydride quantitatively. Lithium aminoborohydrides are powerful reducing agents, comparable in strength to lithium aluminum hydride. The activity is determined by the dialkylamine. Lithium pyrrolidinoborohydride has unique activity and selectivity in its reducing properties. Esters, lactones and anhydrides are reduced cleanly at 25.degree. C. to give the corresponding alcohols, while carboxylic acids are not reduced. Test reductions show that lithium pyrrolidinoborohydride is also capable of reducing a wide range of functional groups including amides, epoxides, oximes, nitriles and halides.