Abstract: In some embodiments, lithium-sulfur electrochemical cells, fabrication methods thereof, and methods useful to enable improvement of one or more performance characteristics in lithium-sulfur electrochemical cells are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method to enable improvement of one or more performance characteristics in a lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell(s) is disclosed, wherein a conductive network is formed within the lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell(s) by applying a voltage thereto for a threshold time period. The one or more performance characteristics of the lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell increase as a result of the presence of the conductive network.

Abstract: Electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells comprising graphene sheets and at least one binder. The electrodes may be conductive and catalytic counter electrodes. The electrodes may be flexible.

Abstract: Graphene tapes made by forming a film comprising graphene sheets and at least one polymeric binder and heating the film to decompose the polymer. The tapes may be used as electrodes.