Abstract: A hybrid electric engine control module (ECU) configured to be operatively connected to a hybrid electric aircraft powerplant having a heat engine system and an electric motor system to control a torque output from each of the heat engine system and the electric motor system, the ECU being configured to determine whether the electric motor system and/or the heat engine system are in a normal mode such that the electric motor system and/or the heat engine can provide a predetermined amount of torque (e.g., full power). The ECU can be configured to receive a total torque setting and split output power between the electric motor system and the heat engine system in accordance with the normal mode as a function of the total torque setting. The ECU can be configured to detect and command recharging or regenerating of the battery system in some flight conditions.

Abstract: A control system for a hybrid electric powerplant of an aircraft can include a master controller configured to receive one or more power settings and to output a heat engine setting and an electric motor setting and a heat engine controller operatively connected to the master controller. The heat engine controller can be configured to receive the heat engine setting and to control a heat engine system as a function of the heat engine setting to control torque output by a heat engine. The system can include an electric motor controller operatively connected to the master controller. The electric motor controller configured to receive the electric motor engine setting and to control an electric motor system as a function of the electric motor setting to control torque output by an electric motor.

Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine engine includes commanding an acceleration of the gas turbine engine and moving a variable pitch high pressure compressor vane toward an open position thereby reducing an acceleration rate of a high pressure turbine rotor thereby reducing a change in a clearance gap between the high pressure turbine rotor and a blade outer airseal. An active clearance control system of a gas turbine engine includes an engine control system configured to command an acceleration of the gas turbine engine and move a variable pitch high pressure compressor vane toward an open position thereby slowing an acceleration rate of a high pressure turbine rotor thereby reducing a change in a clearance gap between the high pressure turbine rotor and a blade outer airseal located radially outboard of the high pressure turbine rotor.

Abstract: A control system for a hybrid electric powerplant of an aircraft can include a master controller configured to receive one or more power settings and to output a heat engine setting and an electric motor setting and a heat engine controller operatively connected to the master controller. The heat engine controller can be configured to receive the heat engine setting and to control a heat engine system as a function of the heat engine setting to control torque output by a heat engine. The system can include an electric motor controller operatively connected to the master controller. The electric motor controller configured to receive the electric motor engine setting and to control an electric motor system as a function of the electric motor setting to control torque output by an electric motor.

Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine engine includes commanding an acceleration of the gas turbine engine and moving a variable pitch high pressure compressor vane toward an open position thereby reducing an acceleration rate of a high pressure turbine rotor thereby reducing a change in a clearance gap between the high pressure turbine rotor and a blade outer airseal. An active clearance control system of a gas turbine engine includes an engine control system configured to command an acceleration of the gas turbine engine and move a variable pitch high pressure compressor vane toward an open position thereby slowing an acceleration rate of a high pressure turbine rotor thereby reducing a change in a clearance gap between the high pressure turbine rotor and a blade outer airseal located radially outboard of the high pressure turbine rotor.

Abstract: A hybrid electric engine control module (ECU) configured to be operatively connected to a hybrid electric aircraft powerplant having a heat engine system and an electric motor system to control a torque output from each of the heat engine system and the electric motor system, the ECU being configured to determine whether the electric motor system and/or the heat engine system are in a normal mode such that the electric motor system and/or the heat engine can provide a predetermined amount of torque (e.g., full power). The ECU can be configured to receive a total torque setting and split output power between the electric motor system and the heat engine system in accordance with the normal mode as a function of the total torque setting. The ECU can be configured to detect and command recharging or regenerating of the battery system in some flight conditions.

Abstract: A hybrid electric engine control module (ECU) can be configured to be operatively connected to a hybrid electric aircraft powerplant having a heat engine system and an electric motor system to control a torque output from each of the heat engine system and the electric motor system. The ECU can be configured to determine whether at least one of the electric motor system or the heat engine system are in a normal mode such that one of the electric motor system and/or the heat engine can provide a predetermined amount of torque. The ECU can be configured to switch to a degraded mode if either of the electric motor system or the heat engine system cannot provide the predetermined amount of torque. In the degraded mode the ECU can be configured to control the electric motor system and the heat engine system differently than in the normal mode or to not control one or both of the electric motor system or the heat engine system.

Abstract: Embodiments of adaptable road signs and methods of manufacture are provided. In some embodiments, the adaptable road signs have messages that can quickly be changed by, for instance, applying a placard or banner on the road sign. In some embodiments, the adherence of a placard to the face of the road sign is facilitated by arrays of magnetic features embedded in the sign face and the placard.

Abstract: Embodiments of adaptable road signs and methods of manufacture are provided. In some embodiments, the adaptable road signs have messages that can quickly be changed by, for instance, applying a placard or banner on the road sign. In some embodiments, the adherence of a placard to the face of the road sign is facilitated by arrays of magnetic features embedded in the sign face and the placard.