Abstract: Provided are hair treatment compositions comprising one or more polysaccharides and their use in improving hair strength.

Abstract: An aqueous, sulphate free shampoo composition for hair and scalp comprising:—a. a pre-formed emulsified silicone; b. a cationic deposition polymer; c. a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is an APTAC polymer having a molecular weight of less than 1 million Daltons, preferably selected from a homopolymer of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride and a (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer; d.

Abstract: An aqueous shampoo composition comprising: —a. a pre-formed emulsified silicone; b. a cationic deposition polymer; c. a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is an APTAC polymer, having a molecular weight of less than 1 million Daltons, preferably selected from a homopolymer of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride and a (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer; d. from 3 to less than 12 wt %, preferably 5 to less than 10 wt %, based on total weight of the composition, of a cleansing surfactant, which has an average degree of ethoxylation of En, where n is a number that represents the average degree of ethoxylation and ranges from 0 to 3; e.

Abstract: An antimicrobial personal cleansing composition comprises: (i) an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant, (ii) a dispersed phase including dispersed particles of zinc-containing antimicrobial agents; and (iii) a solubilised oily liquid conditioning agent for skin and/or hair; which is light mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 3 to 5 cS (mm2·s?1) at 40° C. and is solubilised in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase via the incorporation of an inorganic electrolyte and a linker molecule of formula R(X)n, wherein R is a C6-C10 aryl ring or a C3-C14 mono-, di- or trivalent alkyl or hydroxyalkyl chain; n is 1 to 3 and each X is independently selected from —OH, —COOH and —COO?M+ groups, where M is an alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium cation; and in which the level of solubilised oily liquid conditioning agent is 0.45 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cosmetic composition comprising (i) 0.5 to 20 wt % of an organic sunscreen; and (ii) 2 to 60 wt % of a blend comprising a silicone elastomer gel of the Formula (I) and a non-silicone solvent selected from a hydrocarbon, an oil, a modified oil, an ester, an ether, an alcohol or a mixture thereof; wherein the composition comprises less than 1 wt % volatile silicone solvent.

Abstract: The invention provides an antimicrobial personal cleansing composition comprising: (i) an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant, (ii) a dispersed phase including dispersed particles of one or more zinc-containing antimicrobial agents; and (iii) a solubilised oily liquid conditioning agent for skin and/or hair; in which the oily liquid conditioning agent is light mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 3 to 5 cS (mm2·s?1) at 40° C.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous shampoo composition comprising: a. a pre-formed emulsified silicone; b. a cationic deposition polymer; c. a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is a homopolymer of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride; d. a cleansing surfactant; e. a co-surfactant; and f. a suspending agent; which results in superior retention of silicone on hair.

Abstract: The invention provides a personal cleansing composition comprising: (i) an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant; (ii) one or more oily liquid conditioning agents for skin and/or hair wherein the agent is solubilized in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase via the incorporation of at least one inorganic electrolyte and at least one linker molecule; (iii) one or more cationic deposition polymers which are selected from cationic polygalactomannans having a mean charge density at pH7 from 0.2 to 2 meq per 10 gram; and (iv) a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is a homopolymer of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of conditioning hair by application of a conditioning shampoo composition, in which the hair is oxidatively-treated hair and in which the conditioning shampoo composition comprises: i) an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant, ii) a dispersed phase including emulsified droplets of non-volatile silicone having a mean droplet diameter (D3,2) of 1 micrometre or less, and iii) a solubilised oily liquid conditioning agent for skin and/or hair; in which the oily liquid conditioning agent is solubilised in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase via the incorporation of at least one inorganic electrolyte and at least one linker molecule which is selected from compounds of general formula R(X)n, in which R is an aryl ring having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a mono-, di- or trivalent alkyl or hydroxyalkyl chain having from 3 to 14 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3 and each X is independently selected from —OH, —COOH and —COO-M+ groups, where M is an alkali metal, amm

Abstract: The invention provides a personal cleansing composition having an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant and a solubilised hydrocarbon oil having a kinematic viscosity of 1 to 35 cSt at 40° C. and a specific gravity of 0.76 to 0.87 at 25° C.; in which the hydrocarbon oil is solubilised in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase by means of a linker molecule and an inorganic electrolyte; in which the linker molecule is selected from one or more compounds of formula: R(X)n, in which R is a C6 to C14 mono-, di- or trivalent saturated aliphatic or an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, n is 1 to 3 and each X is independently selected from —OH and —COOH; and in which the level of hydrocarbon oil in the composition ranges from 0.8 to 1.5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a hair treatment composition for the strengthening and/or repair of damaged hair, the composition comprising, in an aqueous continuous phase: (i) one or more oily liquid hair conditioning agents selected from solubilized oily liquid hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof; (ii) a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is a homopolymer of (3-acry-lamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride, and (iii) a one or more aliphatic carboxylic acids having a molecular weight of 175 g/mol or less, which is a tartaric acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a personal cleansing composition comprising: (i) an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant; (ii) one or more oily liquid conditioning agents for skin and/or hair wherein the agent is solubilized in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase via the incorporation of at least one inorganic electrolyte and at least one linker molecule; (iii) one or more cationic deposition polymers which are selected from cationic polygalactomannans having a mean charge density at pH7 from 0.2 to 2 meq per 10 gram; and (iv) a hair substantive cationic conditioning polymer which is a homopolymer of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: The invention provides a personal cleansing composition having an aqueous continuous phase including cleansing surfactant and a solubilised hydrocarbon oil having a kinematic viscosity of 1 to 35 cSt at 40° C. and a specific gravity of 0.76 to 0.87 at 25° C.; in which the hydrocarbon oil is solubilised in wormlike micelles in the aqueous continuous phase by means of a linker molecule and an inorganic electrolyte; in which the linker molecule is selected from one or more compounds of formula: R(X)n, in which R is a C6 to C14 mono-, di- or trivalent saturated aliphatic or an aromatic hydrocarbyl group, n is 1 to 3 and each X is independently selected from —OH and —COOH; and in which the level of hydrocarbon oil in the composition ranges from 0.8 to 1.5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Described are methods for forming thin, pinhole-free conformal metal layers on both conducting and non-conducting surfaces. The formed metal films are useful as seed layers for further deposition of metal using conventional techniques like electroplating, and provide specific advantages for non-conducting surfaces, which are otherwise unsuitable for electroplating without the presence of the formed metal films. Unlike electroplating, the disclosed methods, however, do not require the presence of a voltage or external electric field at the surface, but form the metal films through an electroless technique using electrostatic interactions between negatively charged nanoparticles and a positively charged surface. In addition, the disclosed methods are compatible with solution phase processing and, thus, eliminate the need to transfer the surfaces into a vacuum chamber for a chemical or physical vapor deposition to form a metal layer.

Abstract: Spray compositions and particularly anhydrous aerosol compositions containing particulate antiperspirant actives exhibit a tendency for nozzle blockage, impeding discharge of the contents when a polyol humectant, such as glycerol, is blended into its base composition. The problem is overcome or at least ameliorated by preparation of a base composition, suitable for employment in conjunction with a propellant, that contains a low molecular weight (liquid) polyethylene glycol (PEG) as humectant, and particularly a PEG of molecular weight 150 to 500.

Abstract: The design of the spray nozzle in an aerosol dispenser controls the characteristics of the spray that is produced. In a nozzle that comprises the elements of a multiplicity of inlet channels leading to a swirl chamber and an outlet orifice, the perception of wetness of a spray, such as an aqueous alcoholic deodorant spray, can be reduced by dimensioning the respective elements so that the sum of the widths of the inlet channels is less than the diameter of the swirl chamber and at least 1.5 times the diameter of the outlet orifice and the outlet orifice has a diameter of at least 0.3 mm together with the inlet channels being short, such as less than 0.5 mm. The new nozzle is especially suitable for spraying compositions having a low volatile organic carbon content and compositions comprising a significant proportion of water.

Abstract: Manufacturing a semiconductor device involves forming (200) a sacrificial layer where a micro cavity is to be located, forming (210) a metal layer of thickness greater than 1 micron over the sacrificial layer, forming (220) a porous layer from the metal layer, the porous layer having pores of length greater than ten times their breadth, and having a breadth in the range 10 nm-500 nanometers. The pores can be created by anodising, electrodeposition or dealloying. Then the sacrificial layer can be removed (230) through the porous layer, to form the micro cavity, and pores can be sealed (240). Encapsulating MEMS devices with a porous layer can reduce costs by avoiding using photolithography for shaping the access holes since the sacrificial layer is removed through the porous membrane.

Abstract: Manufacturing a semiconductor device involves forming (200) a sacrificial layer where a micro cavity is to be located, forming (210) a metal layer of thickness greater than 1 micron over the sacrificial layer, forming (220) a porous layer from the metal layer, the porous layer having pores of length greater than ten times their breadth, and having a breadth in the range 10 nm-500 nanometers. The pores can be created by anodising, electrodeposition or dealloying. Then the sacrificial layer can be removed (230) through the porous layer, to form the micro cavity, and pores can be sealed (240). Encapsulating MEMS devices with a porous layer can reduce costs by avoiding using photolithography for shaping the access holes since the sacrificial layer is removed through the porous membrane.

Abstract: Incorporation of a polyol humectant in an anhydrous composition containing an astringent aluminium and/or zirconium antiperspirant salt can result in grit formation and hence poor sensory properties unless the polyol is prior contacted with a perfume carrier. A simpler manufacturing process that enables the composition to retain its moisturising properties employs 20 to 90% of a carrier oil plus up to 10% of a liquid, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol as humectant, preferably having an average molecular weight of from 190 to 600, not prior complexed with the antiperspirant salt.

Abstract: The design of the spray nozzle in an aerosol dispenser controls the characteristics of the spray that is produced. In a nozzle that comprises the elements of a multiplicity of inlet channels leading to a swirl chamber and an outlet orifice, the perception of wetness of a spray, such as an aqueous alcoholic deodorant spray, can be reduced by dimensioning the respective elements so that the sum of the widths of the inlet channels is less than the diameter of the swirl chamber and at least 1.5 times the diameter of the outlet orifice and the outlet orifice has a diameter of at least 0.3 mm together with the inlet channels being short, such as less than 0.5 mm. The new nozzle is especially suitable for spraying compositions having a low volatile organic carbon content and compositions comprising a significant proportion of water.