Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and computer systems for identifying whether there exists building permit information associated with a structure, or for estimating underinsurance of condition of a structure are provided. The computer implemented methods include acquiring construction information on a plurality of structures in computer-readable form and converting the construction information into a standardized database. The construction information may include building permit data including one or more of the number of building permits within a particular time frame, building permit age, building permit category, and job cost. Further, the computer implemented methods may include estimating underinsurance or condition of a target structure based on the construction information.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining modeled roof age of a structure is provided. Such methods comprise identifying a target structure for which an estimated roof age is desired, receiving data related to the target structure in computer-readable form, and inputting the data related to the target structure into a generalized linear model to determine a Per-Property Modeled Roof Age of the target structure. The modeled roof age preferably accounts for (i) the height of the trees, (ii) the proximity of the trees to the target structure, and (iii) the weather conditions for the structure's geographic location. Such methods can be applied in practice by substituting a typically inaccurate reported roof age with a more realistic modeled roof age in making homeowners insurance decisions.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and computer systems for identifying the building permit information associated with a structure, or estimating the condition or insurance risk of a structure are provided. The computer implemented methods comprise acquiring construction information on a plurality of structures in computer-readable form and converting the construction information into a standardized database. The computer-implemented methods may also include receiving appraisal data on the conditions of a subset of the plurality of structures, and/ or receiving insurance data related to a subset, and determining one or more criteria of condition and/or insurance risk of a structure based on characteristics within the construction information which are associated with better condition and/or reduced insurance risk.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining modeled roof age of a structure is provided. Such methods comprise identifying a target structure for which an estimated roof age is desired, receiving data related to the target structure in computer-readable form, and inputting the data related to the target structure into a generalized linear model to determine a Per-Property Modeled Roof Age of the target structure. The modeled roof age preferably accounts for (i) the height of the trees, (ii) the proximity of the trees to the target structure, and (iii) the weather conditions for the structure's geographic location. Such methods can be applied in practice by substituting a typically inaccurate reported roof age with a more realistic modeled roof age in making homeowners insurance decisions.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining roof age of a structure is provided. Such methods comprise receiving data related to a plurality of structures in computer-readable form; converting the computer-readable data into a standardized database format, and based on the converted data, determining a level of roof-enforcement and coverage area for each building department serving the structures; calculating an area average roof age for a plurality of geographical areas of different scope for those structures in the coverage area of building departments passing a roof-enforcement level threshold; and determining roof age for a particular structure based on whether the structure is covered by any of the coverage areas and whether data on roof replacements for the structure is available; wherein the determined roof age may be based on roof replacement data or an area average roof age. The methods are particularly useful in the home owner's insurance industry.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and computer systems for identifying whether there exists building permit information associated with a structure, or for estimating underinsurance of condition of a structure are provided. The computer implemented methods include acquiring construction information on a plurality of structures in computer-readable form and converting the construction information into a standardized database. The construction information may include building permit data including one or more of the number of building permits within a particular time frame, building permit age, building permit category, and job cost. Further, the computer implemented methods may include estimating underinsurance or condition of a target structure based on the construction information.

Abstract: Described are computer-implemented methods for determining damage to one or more structures by trees or by one or more weather effects. The method may comprise calculating a Tree Proximity Score for one or more sets of geospatial coordinates from weather-related damage data and tree characteristic information using a computer processor. The tree characteristic information may be from a geographic area encompassing each of the sets of geospatial coordinates, and the sets of geospatial coordinates may comprise geographic locations of a plurality of structures. The tree characteristic information may comprise one or more categories based on the presence of tall or medium-height trees within one or more parcels surrounding the sets of geospatial coordinates. Uses for the Tree Proximity Score may be in the insurance industry in insurance policy implementation and underwriting or in the home-buying process as a factor for quantifying whether a particular property is safe.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods of estimating insurance risk of one or more structures are described. The computer-implemented methods may be based on a combination of tree characteristic information and insurance loss data that are used together to calculate a Tree Proximity Score for the one or more structures through a computer processor. The tree characteristic information may include vegetation density data, tree height, tree geometric characteristics, and tree species information, and may be based on tree sensor data which may include satellite imagery, aerial imagery, or LiDAR. The insurance loss data may include wind loss data such as a wind loss frequency, severity, or ratio. The high level of correlation between the Tree Proximity Score and insurance loss data is shown in an example. The Tree Proximity Score may be used in the insurance industry in insurance policy implementation and underwriting.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and computer systems for identifying the building permit information associated with a structure, or estimating the condition or insurance risk of a structure are provided. The computer implemented methods comprise acquiring construction information on a plurality of structures in computer-readable form and converting the construction information into a standardized database. The computer-implemented methods may also include receiving appraisal data on the conditions of a subset of the plurality of structures, and/or receiving insurance data related to a subset, and determining one or more criteria of condition and/or insurance risk of a structure based on characteristics within the construction information which are associated with better condition and/or reduced insurance risk.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining modeled roof age of a structure is provided. Such methods comprise identifying a target structure for which an estimated roof age is desired, receiving data related to the target structure in computer-readable form, and inputting the data related to the target structure into a generalized linear model to determine a Per-Property Modeled Roof Age of the target structure. The modeled roof age preferably accounts for (i) the height of the trees, (ii) the proximity of the trees to the target structure, and (iii) the weather conditions for the structure's geographic location. Such methods can be applied in practice by substituting a typically inaccurate reported roof age with a more realistic modeled roof age in making homeowners insurance decisions.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining roof age of a structure is provided. Such methods comprise receiving data related to a plurality of structures in computer-readable form; converting the computer-readable data into a standardized database format, and based on the converted data, determining a level of roof-enforcement and coverage area for each building department serving the structures; calculating an area average roof age for a plurality of geographical areas of different scope for those structures in the coverage area of building departments passing a roof-enforcement level threshold; and determining roof age for a particular structure based on whether the structure is covered by any of the coverage areas and whether data on roof replacements for the structure is available; wherein the determined roof age may be based on roof replacement data or an area average roof age. The methods are particularly useful in the home owner's insurance industry.